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Dec 30

Is veganism as good for you as they say? – The Guardian

Katharina Wirnitzer was in the midst of training for the Bike Transalp race, one of the worlds toughest endurance events, when she began investigating whether a vegan diet was suitable for athletes.

The year was 2003 and veganism was a long way from the current boom, which has established it as one of the most in-vogue dietary trends. But Wirnitzer, a sports scientist at the University of Innsbruck, had become intrigued by the resurgence of ancient theories linking plant-based diets with improved athletic performance.

The first athletes on strict plant-based diets were gladiators, she says. Roman scripts report that all fighters adhered to gladiatoriam saginam, which was based on plant foods, including large amounts of legumes, pulses and grains, and contained little or no animal protein.

Now, almost two millennia later, Wirnitzer is one of a handful of researchers trying to get to the bottom of whether veganism could enhance an athletes chances of sporting success. Over the past decade, she has led the NURMI study, the broadest initiative so far investigating the effects of a vegan diet in high-performance, ultra-endurance sports.

NURMI is particularly timely because veganisms association with various health benefits from weight loss to decreased risk of inflammatory disease has seen the diet soar in popularity in recent years, both amongst the general public and elite sportsmen. The most recent survey by the Vegan Society estimates that there are around 600,000 vegans in the UK a fourfold increase over the past five years while high-profile athletes from Lewis Hamilton to Jermain Defoe have begun experimenting with veganism.

However, despite the boom in veganism, even the most optimistic scientists caution that there is still much we do not understand about the diet. In particular, little is known about the long-term consequences of veganism and whether it does hold significant advantages over an omnivorous or vegetarian diet.

Portrayals of the diet can be partisan: the recent blockbuster Netflix documentary The Game Changers has since been tainted by revelations that the executive producers are cofounders of a vegan food company and that much of the evidence presented in the film is selective, low-quality and anecdotal. Moreover, as with so many dietary interventions, the search for the truth about veganism is often clouded by the potential financial gains with predictions that the global vegan food market will be worth $24.3bn by 2026.

This is perhaps unsurprising. Whether it be the trendy city bars offering vegan wine, or the array of new products launching in supermarkets and health food stores, veganism is the wellness industrys new cash cow. Market-research experts have already predicted that the value of the global vegan food market will reach $24.3bn by 2026. Vegan cheese alone is expected to develop into an industry worth nearly $4bn within the next five years.

So what do we really know about veganism and what it can do for our health?

At Sheffield Hallam University, David Rogerson has spent the past decade studying the effects of dietary interventions on physical health. He says that one reason veganism could be good for you is because it can protect against cardiosvascular diseases, by reducing obesity and lowering cholesterol. These chronic illnesses cost the UK around 9bn a year; veganism may be the solution.

Theres growing evidence that reduced consumption of animal products, coupled with an increase in plant-based foods, seems to be good for our health, says Rogerson. This is perhaps due to these foods containing lot of antioxidant phytonutrients and nitrates, while some animal products contain lots of pro-inflammatory fats and lead to the production of a metabolite called TMAO, which has been linked to cardiovascular problems.

The anti-inflammatory effect of plant-based foods is thought to be the reason why vegan diets appear to relieve symptoms of some auto-immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The tennis player Venus Williams, who suffers from Sjgrens syndrome, credits turning vegan with mitigating the extreme fatigue associated with the condition, and with enabling her to continue competing at the highest level.

The full picture is rather more complex than it first seems. Scientists have found that a combined group of vegetarians and vegans appeared to have a higher risk of haemorrhagic stroke than did meat-eaters. But owing to the small number of vegans in the study, it is hard to draw firm conclusions. Possible reasons might be related to lower cholesterol levels or a deficiency of some nutrients, such as vitamin B12, says Tammy Tong, a researcher in the University of Oxfords Nuffield Department of Population Health. Vegans are also at a higher risk of B12-deficiency, since the nutrient is only naturally available from animal foods. Low B12 levels may be linked to raised blood levels of homocysteine, which may be linked to higher risk of stroke.

While vegan lobby groups have claimed that the diet results in a healthier gut microbiome and reduces the risk of some cancers, compared to meat-based diets, experts say there is little concrete evidence to back this up. There was one US study which looked at all gastrointestinal-tract cancers combined and found no difference in vegans compared with non-vegetarians, says Tong. Two studies have looked at colorectal cancer risk in vegans and both reported no significant difference compared to non-vegans.

The reason we still know relatively little is because while the term vegan was coined in 1962, for a long time scientific studies classed vegans and vegetarians together. But with increasing amounts of sports-science funding going into studying veganism, it may actually be through athletes, and their endless quest for faster, higher, stronger, that we learn most about the diet in the years to come.

The NURMI study follows 8,000 runners from across Europe, including meat eaters, vegans and vegetarians and aims to see whether following a vegan diet over time leads to greater endurance over the half-marathon and marathon distances. In the next few years, NURMI will publish one of the first analyses of how vegan runners compare to their meat-eating equivalents and, according to Wirnitzer, we are still in the infancy of understanding how our nutritional intake can boost athletic ability.

There is huge potential that is still untapped, both in terms of health and performance in sporting competition, she says.

One of the reasons athletes across such a range of sports are interested in the vegan diet is because it may boost immunity as well as aiding recovery and rehabilitation from injury. Plant-based foods such as beetroot are known to contain dietary nitrates that aid blood-flow, and oxygen and nutrient transport through the body.

Elite athletes are looking at all available legal options to enhance their performance, says Richard Brennan, managing director of Sports Science Consultants, who is studying athletes who have been meat-eaters all their lives, and are now moving towards a vegan diet. What were focusing on are the benefits to overall health which could enhance the training responses in terms of conditioning different energy systems, adapting more effectively to strength and power training programs, and having less time off sick to train.

These are the hopes for veganism, but scientists warn that, so far, there have been so few studies of athletes that there is very little evidence to support them. Wirnitzer published a landmark 2014 paper that showed that a well-planned vegan diet meets the nutritional requirements of endurance athletes, but we still know virtually nothing about whether it is the optimum diet.

Scientists have raised concerns that the diet is too restrictive for athletes who are travelling the world competing in sporting competitions. Athletes could become malnourished, be unable to maintain muscle mass and suffer deficiencies in B12 (which would lead to fatigue and poor oxygen transport), calcium and vitamin D.

Theres the potential for lower intakes of these minerals which play a role in bone health, says Rogerson. There is evidence to say that vegans experience greater bone turnover and reduced bone-mineral density, so this could mean that vegans are at an increased risk of bone injury. We also know that female athletes might be at an increased risk of such injuries if they dont eat enough, so this is potentially a double-whammy.

Concerns about the practicality of veganism extend to the general population. One question is whether vegans can plan their diet well enough over many years to avoid developing deficiencies. There have been two population studies that have monitored vegans over time, one following Seventh Day Adventists in the US and Canada, and the EPIC-Oxford study, which tracked the health of nearly 50,000 meat-eaters, vegetarians and vegans across the UK. Scientists involved in the latter have found that while consuming vegetables rich in calcium, such as kale and broccoli, can protect bones, in reality many vegans dont actually meet their calcium requirements. As a result, they have found a 30% increased risk of fracture in vegans compared to vegetarians and meat eaters.

More research is still needed to understand possible differences in fracture risks and whether any differences are related to diet or other factors, says Tong. For example, low BMI has also been linked to higher risks of some fractures and in some studies vegans exhibit lower BMI and bone-mineral density than do vegetarians.

Because of these concerns, some research groups have begun comparing veganism to other diets rich in plant-based foods, which are associated with many of the same benefits, such as the Mediterranean and New Nordic diets. Earlier this year, researchers at Sheffield Hallam University conducted a pilot study comparing a Mediterranean and vegan diet over a short-term period, with intriguing results. While both diets appeared to offer similar positives in terms of weight-loss and reduced cholesterol, evidence was much stronger for a Mediterranean diet when it came to improving blood-vessel health.

Our findings suggested that the Mediterranean diet improved the way that the endothelium of the small veins work, says Markos Klonizakis, one of the scientists who ran the study. This might not sound important, but it is. This becomes dysfunctional over time so it is crucial for cardiovascular health. The magic of the family of Mediterranean diets is that they are tested and proved over a very long period of time, in a relatively large area of the globe. For example, we know that traditionally people in Crete lived long and had low rates of diabetes and cancer.

So what next for veganism? Scientists across the board agree that we dont yet know enough to decide conclusively one way or another, but as many point out, the success of any diet ultimately comes down to the eating habits of the individual.

The success of a vegan diet will rest on the conscientiousness of the individual undertaking it, says Rogerson. Its restrictive and unless we pay attention to the elements of the diet that it excludes, then we might be putting ourselves at risk of developing deficiency-related problems. It has become easier to follow with vegan-friendly food products in supermarkets, which are fortified with nutrients that can be absent from the diet.

Another point is that people who choose to adopt a vegan diet might be more inclined to adopt health-related behaviours than the norm. Such groups might be more inclined to exercise and be aware of the nutritional adequacy of the foods they eat. We need to look at this further.

Excerpt from:
Is veganism as good for you as they say? - The Guardian


Dec 30

What is weight-loss surgery and when do you need it? – Wales Online

We're frequently told that the key to weight loss is simple - just eat less and move more. Yet with obesity rates as they are, it's clear that for many people, it's really not that simple at all.

There is, of course, another option for those who are seriously obese or overweight and conservative methods alone haven't worked - and that's weight loss surgery, also known as bariatric or metabolic surgery.

This type of surgery is available on the NHS, for people who meet certain medical and weight criteria, but it's also available privately, at a cost of around 4,000-8,000.

But why is surgery sometimes deemed necessary, and what does it involve? Here, metabolic surgery pioneer Professor Francesco Rubino, lead of The London Bridge Hospital Metabolic and Bariatric Centre, part of HCA Healthcare UK (hcahealthcare.co.uk), and chair of bariatric and metabolic surgery at King's College London, shares his views...

Why can it be so hard for some people to lose weight and keep it off?

"Severe obesity is a disease, not a lifestyle choice. Research shows that when we lose weight by diet, our body reacts by activating mechanisms that defend against that. In fact, hunger-stimulating hormones typically increase after diet-induced weight loss and our body also tends to reduce the amount of energy it utilises, making it difficult to maintain weight loss in the long-term," says Rubino.

"These effects are not under control of our willpower and are ingrained in our biology. This explains why people who try diets almost invariably regain weight at some point. This isn't necessarily a lack of self-discipline, or a person's fault, as most people think, but the result of the way our biology works, defending a set, narrow range for body weight. In people with severe obesity, this set point is too high but the mechanisms that normally defend against weight loss are still working and powerful, thus frustrating voluntary efforts to lose weight by eating less and exercising more."

What is weight loss surgery?

There are different variations of weight loss surgery. The two most common are gastric bypass surgery, which divides the stomach into two smaller pouches and re-routes the small intestine, and sleeve gastrectomy surgery, a procedure that removes part of the stomach and shapes it as a tube or 'sleeve'.

"They were originally designed to reduce the size of the stomach but they actually change the physiologic mechanisms that regulate appetite, satiety and sugar metabolism," Rubino explains. "There isn't a single procedure that fits everyone's needs. Different procedures have different actions, which may result in different potential to improve metabolic conditions associated with obesity, beyond weight loss," he adds. "Hence, the choice of procedure needs to be thoroughly discussed with a specialist and must be tailored to the individual patient's need."

Why is weight loss surgery so effective?

"In the 1950s, when bariatric surgery was first introduced, understanding of the functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract was quite rudimental - it was considered a mere digestive organ. So it made logical sense to think that by physically limiting the size of the stomach, or bypassing large portions of the intestine, one would be able to reduce the amount of food you can eat or the calories the body can absorb. Research over the last two decades, however, has shown this isn't true," Rubino explains.

"The GI tract is a complex, sophisticated endocrine and metabolic organ, something akin to a computer - some call it the 'second brain' - that receives input from the food we eat and sends signals to other organs to regulate body weight as well as sugar metabolism. Signals from the gut can inform the brain about calorie intake and accordingly regulate hunger and satiety. Other signals reach the liver and pancreas, where they can influence the production or action of insulin.

"This explains why gastrointestinal - bariatric/metabolic - surgery is so effective in inducing and maintaining weight loss, and also why it can dramatically improve other metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. Research has clearly shown bariatric surgery reduces or abolishes the very mechanisms that normally resist weight loss. In fact, the changes in hunger and satiety hormones that follow bariatric surgery are exactly opposite to those elicited by dietary interventions."

Is metabolic surgery really just a lazy way of losing weight?

"Some argue that diet and exercise, rather than expensive surgery, should be used to treat diabetes or severe obesity. This idea is both ill-conceived and ill-informed. In fact, there's definitive evidence that where surgery is indicated by current guidelines, lifestyle interventions alone are no longer sufficient to achieve adequate disease control," says Rubino. "On the other hand, in people with mere overweight or mild, uncomplicated obesity (BMI under 35 without other metabolic disease), surgery isn't indicated and isn't a replacement for a healthy lifestyle, which can still be effective in preventing progression towards more severe obesity.

"Hence, suggesting lifestyle interventions and not surgery should be the way to treat severe obesity is at odds with both scientific evidence and logic. Suggesting use of only lifestyle interventions in people with severe obesity (a full-blown disease) is tantamount to suggesting one should use lifestyle changes instead of surgery or chemotherapy to treat cancer."

Who can have the surgery?

There's a range of criteria for having weight loss surgery on the NHS. These include having a BMI of over 40, or having a BMI of 35-40 if you've already developed health complications that may improve with weight loss. Patients will need to be committed to long-term healthy changes after the surgery too.

"Recent clinical trials have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, metabolic surgery is more effective than any other available therapy," says Rubino. "Currently, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and international guidelines recommend metabolic surgery be considered to treat type 2 diabetes patients and those with a BMI of 30 or over. However, only 0.2% or less of eligible patients have access to such surgery."

Who shouldn't have the surgery?

A number of factors can deem people unsuitable for surgery too, including: "People who don't suffer from severe obesity or its complications. Bariatric surgery is generally safe but this doesn't mean it's an appropriate or proportionate approach to deal with less severe overweight levels, where lifestyle changes have been shown to prevent progression toward severe obesity or diabetes in many patients," says Rubino.

"Also, people who are candidates for surgery but would be unsafe to operate on. Though bariatric surgery is less life-threatening than obesity or diabetes, it's still major surgery and requires general anaesthesia," he adds. "And people with conditions that can undermine compliance with nutritional supplementation. Bariatric surgery can alter the absorption of certain vitamins and micronutrients, so patients need to rigorously take nutrient supplements, lifelong."

Originally posted here:
What is weight-loss surgery and when do you need it? - Wales Online


Dec 30

Junk food affects the developing teen brain, promoting obesity. But its not hopeless. – The Philadelphia Inquirer

I am a neuroscientist and my research investigates how diet changes the brain. I want to understand how unhealthy diets impact the developing brain, and also why young people today are so prone to developing obesity.

Adolescents are the greatest consumers of calorie-rich junk foods. During puberty, many children have an insatiable appetite as rapid growth requires lots of energy. Heightened metabolism and growth spurts can protect against obesity, to an extent. But excessively eating high-calorie junk foods and increasingly sedentary lifestyles can outweigh any metabolic protection.

The teenage years are a key window of brain development. Adolescence coincides with a new-found social autonomy and the independence to make personal food choices.

During adolescence, connections between different brain regions and individual neurons are also being refined and strengthened. The adolescent brain is malleable because of increased levels of neuroplasticity.

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This means the brain is highly receptive to being shaped and rewired by the environment including diet. In turn, these changes can become hardwired when development is complete. So the adolescent brain is vulnerable to diet-induced changes, but these changes may endure through life.

Resisting junk food is tough

The prefrontal cortex controls and overrides urges triggered by events in the environment. Resisting eating a whole bag of candy or buying cheap junk foods can be particularly difficult for teenagers.

Voracious drive for rewards

Teenagers are particularly drawn to rewards, including sweet and calorie-dense foods. This is due to increased numbers of dopamine receptors in the adolescent brain, so the feeling of reward can be exaggerated. Frequent stimulation of the reward system results in enduring brain adaptations.

During adolescence, these changes may cause long-lasting shifts to the balance of brain chemicals.

Taken together, the teenage brain has a voracious drive for reward, diminished behavioral control and a susceptibility to be shaped by experience.

This manifests as a reduced ability to resist rewarding behaviors. So its not surprising that teenagers prefer to eat foods that are easy to obtain and immediately gratifying, even in the face of health advice to the contrary. But what are the enduring brain consequences?

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Functional imaging studies show brain activity during tasks or viewing images of foods. Brain circuits that process food rewards are more active in adolescents with obesity compared to those considered normal weight.

Interestingly, lower activity is seen in regions of the prefrontal cortex. This shows that obesity can both heighten activation of the reward system and reduce brain activity in centers that can override the desire to eat.

Importantly, successful weight loss in adolescents restores levels of activity in the prefrontal cortex. This provides critical knowledge that the prefrontal cortex is a key area of the brain for controlling food intake, and that diet interventions increase activity in brain regions that exert self control.

Exercise boosts brain plasticity

Excessively eating junk foods during adolescence could alter brain development, leading to lasting poor diet habits. But, like a muscle, the brain can be exercised to improve willpower.

Increased brain plasticity during adolescence means the young mind may be more receptive to lifestyle changes. Physical exercise boosts brain plasticity, helping to set in place new healthy habits. Identifying how the brain is changed by obesity provides opportunities to identify and intervene.

Functional brain imaging adds a new layer of information where clinicians can identify at-risk individuals and track brain changes during nutritional and lifestyle interventions.

Even more, TMS could be a new treatment approach to improve re-calibration of the young brain to prevent enduring changes into adulthood.

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Junk food affects the developing teen brain, promoting obesity. But its not hopeless. - The Philadelphia Inquirer


Dec 30

I’m a Fitness Expert and I Don’t Want You to Make a Huge Fitness Resolution Next Year – Self

Sure, we know the weather outside is frightful, but to be honest, what happens in the wellness zeitgeist around this time of year is even scarier. After all, tis the season of New Years resolutions. While all the sponsored Instagram posts, marketing emails, and banner ads will soon be pushing for you to get back on track, get back in shape, burn off those holidays, and on and on, I really hope that you will ignore them. In fact, I hope that you wont make any really big, majorly life-altering fitness-related resolutions. Let me explain.

You might think that I am over-analyzing the messages, intentions, and intricacies of it all, but, that is exactly what Im trained to do. Yes, I am a part of the fitness industry as an instructor and influencer, but I also have a Ph.D. in public health and have studied behavior change and chronic disease prevention extensively. And, yes, I want you to take my classes and prioritize your health, but more so, I want to help you incorporate movement into your daily life for better health outcomes and longevity. Like, for the rest of your life. So, when I say that I dont want you to make huge fitness resolutions, its not that I dont want you to win; in fact, its that I want you to actually win. And I want you to keep winning, every day, regardless of which date the calendar says and which ads pop up as you do your holiday shopping. The issue is, you (really, we) are often set up to fail when it comes to resolution season.

Heres what happens: We are in the ~most wonderful time of the year~ with all the holiday parties, family gatherings, festive foods, decorations galore, shopping, dashing around on our respective holiday missions. Indulgence is one of the prominent themes of the season. Actually, let me be more precise: indulgence slathered with guilt is the prominent theme. We are encouraged to over-indulge in everythingshopping, gift giving, eating, drinking, partying, relaxingand then to feel really guilty about all of it, and then finally to be emboldened to make some really impassioned New Years resolutions to erase it all like it never happened. And by emboldened I mean that you dont have to look very far for reassurance that getting in shape is what you should be doing as soon as the clock strikes midnight. The icing on the fruit cake is that its all a yearly cycle: start the year brand new with all your intentions and new behaviors, slip, keep slipping, start all over again next year. And so on. The guilt is never meant to subside.

So now you may be asking: But what if I really do want to get in shape? Great! Im all for you getting more movement in your day, being mindful of what you put in your body, taking care to sleep, hydrate, relax, and all of that. Lets just switch up our approach.

It is a fairly popular opinion in my fields (fitness and public health) that New Years resolutions dont really lead to long-term habit change. This is pretty consistent with the prevalent, albeit anecdotal, commentary I have heard for years around gyms and studios from clients, trainers and managers about how empty things will become just after Valentines Day.

According to one poll, about 68 percent of respondents who made a resolution in 2018 had stuck to it for just part of the year.

So, wheres the problem? When we are talking about engaging in healthy behaviors that pertain to exercise and nutrition part of the year isnt enough. These are behaviors that we need to continually engage in pretty much for the rest of our lives. Resolving to get in shape and then letting that go in February or in one year or even in two years may not do much, if anything, for our long-term health.

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I'm a Fitness Expert and I Don't Want You to Make a Huge Fitness Resolution Next Year - Self


Dec 30

Why WW International Stock Flopped Today – The Motley Fool

What happened

Shares ofWW International(NASDAQ:WW), the company formerly known as Weight Watchers, were heading lower today after rival Tivity Health(NASDAQ:TVTY)introduced a new, more competitive product through its Nutrisystem brand.

WW shares closed down 8.6% on the news.

Image source: Getty Images.

Just in time for the new year, the peak season in the weight-loss business, Nutrisystem said it would roll out a customizable weight-loss program based on body type, individual goals, and food tastes. The new product pairs with Nutrisystem's NuMi app and includes food delivery for more than half the food consumed with the program.

The launch comes at a time when WW shares are recovering from a sharp sell-off that began in 2018. Earlier, the stock had surged after Oprah Winfrey joined the company's board and began appearing in ad campaigns. The stock swung from near $6 before Winfrey joined the company in 2015 all the way to more than $100 last year. But shares began tumbling as subscriber trends eroded as it rebranded to WW. The stock fell below $20 earlier this year and now trades near $37.

As the numbers above indicate, WW has been one of the most volatile stocks on the market over the last five years. Weight-loss solutions can be faddish, even for an older brand like WW, which got a boost from Oprah's endorsement and by expanding its digital options.

But its subscriber base has clearly been fickle. In its most recent quarter, total subscribers rose but revenue and profits both fell as higher-priced studio subscriptions at the company are falling, pressuring its overall performance.

Competition in the weight-loss industry is nothing new, so the Nutrisystem launch alone may not have a significant effect, but WW's earlier collapse should remind investors that it remains a high-risk play. Winfrey's endorsement may be its biggest competitive advantage, but that alone is probably not enough to drive long-term subscriber growth. There are better options if you're looking for a growth stock.

Excerpt from:
Why WW International Stock Flopped Today - The Motley Fool


Dec 30

Valtrex available dosages – Metformin side effects pcos weight loss – What are the signs and symptoms of herpes in males – Laughlin Entertainer

December 24, 2019 Cover

The Laughlin resorts offer a variety of dining and entertainment specials for New Years Eve.

Long before there was Motown, several black groups in the early 1950s struggled to make a difference on the music scene. To a world dominated by white artists, the deep soulful harmonies and soaring vocals of R&B were a little unsettling. The powerful music couldnt be ignored for very long, simply because it was that good. Proving that point on every level The Platters.

When Jazzin' Jeanne Brei decided to call her group The Speakeasy Swingers, it seems appropriate for the kind of vintage song and dance shows they deliver, or so one would think.Yet people in a younger age bracket didnt know what a speakeasy was, while others idea of swinging had nothing at all to do with dancing. A speakeasy used to mean an illicit establishment that sold illegal alcoholic beverages mostly during the Prohibition era in the 1930s, when the music was usually jazz-tinged and the dancing and fashion was considered a bit risqu for the time.

Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons are still in high demand. Even in their soaring Sherry days, Valli and his Seasons werent stars of Broadway and subjects of a marquee show in Vegas. But thanks to the musical Jersey Boys, Valli and the Four Seasons have become cultural icons and subjects of art as well as artists themselves.There is a tribute show making a return visit for a series of shows Thursday-Monday, Dec. 26-30 (8 p.m.) at Harrahs Laughlin that goes after some of that Four Seasons magic in the form of a tribute show called Oh What A Night!

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Valtrex available dosages - Metformin side effects pcos weight loss - What are the signs and symptoms of herpes in males - Laughlin Entertainer


Dec 30

Reality TV star celebrates 11 stone weight loss by sticking to two easy diet rules – Daily Star

A woman who lost 11 stone has shared the two key dietary rules that she lived by to achieve her dramatic transformation.

Kitty Vacha, 53, is a baker, so shes no stranger to temptation.

In the past, she's even starred on super-sweet American reality TV Show Sugar Rush.

The popular Netflix show pits bakers against one another in time-limited rounds which result in themed sweet treats and show-stopping cakes.

But recently, the foodie adopted two simple rules that helped her to half her size.

On Reddit, Kitty explained that her impressive 158 pound weight loss was "a marathon not a sprint".

Kitty explained that, while its not a magic answer, she found that eating no refined sugar and no fried foods was what helped her to slim down from 23 stone 5 lbs to 12 stone 2lbs.

The talented baker said that she opts for whole foods and closely watches her daily calorie intake.

She said: When you are considering something to eat, are you looking at it as fuel, entertainment, soothing or comfort?

Food is a fuel source to run our bodies and nothing more When considering what to eat, actually stop and look at it. Is it a whole food? Did it grow in nature?

Or, did it come from a factory on an assembly line, with lots of chemicals and additives to keep it fresh in a can or jar or box? Did this food even exist before mass manufacturing? No? Think twice.

The super-slimmer also stated that she used a fitness app which helped her to track how much she should be eating.

Calorie and exercise tracking app MyFitnessPal, is a popular choice among slimmers - according to Statista, 19.1million unique users log into the app each month.

Kitty added to her post saying that while she followed these two rules, alongside tracking her calories and walking, to lose her first 70 pounds, she soon hit a plateau.

She said: It got boring and my body got used to it.

Her solution?

Kitty claims: Ive recently intermittently done Keto, did I see this as a long-term diet? No. Bit, it worked for me where I was with my body type and gaining more muscle...

Im not back to phase one again.

The Keto, or Ketogenic, diet requires that followers eat a very low-carb, high-fat diet - similar to the Atkins diet - to put your body into a metabolic state called ketosis.

Advocates of the diet include Halle Berry, Gwyneth Paltrow and both Kim and Kourtney Kardashian.

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Reality TV star celebrates 11 stone weight loss by sticking to two easy diet rules - Daily Star


Dec 26

Obesity in the Valley: Young mom takes action after weight holds her back – TribDem.com

Fueled by hormonal and thyroid issues, Christina Snyders battle with obesity began in her teenage years although she didnt see a need to lose weight at first.

I was into the body positivity frame of mind I fully intended to live life large regardless of societys views of being overweight, she said. I planned to prove to everyone you could live a full and impactful life as someone with a few extra pounds.

However, as she aged, the Millmont resident realized her weight was holding her back.

I wanted to do everything everyone else was doing, but it just got harder and harder. Even flying in a plane becomes more difficult you have to ask for the seatbelt extender because it is so tiny, she said. Mobility got worse, and it was a real effort to walk farther distances.

Snyders weight also impacted her fertility she and her husband struggled for quite a long time until Snyder was finally able to experience pregnancy and give birth to her young daughter.

Being a mom was even more difficult with the weight, Snyder said. My daughter as a toddler would get on the floor and want to play, but it was hard for me to get down and play with her.

Snyder tried a variety of diets, with yo-yoing results, but never was able to lose the weight and keep it off. She decided in the spring of this year to meet with an endocrinologist who diagnosed her as prediabetic at age 31.

I decided I was not living life like this anymore, she said.

Lifestyle reset

Snyder was connected with Evangelical dietitian Kimberly Criswell and bariatric surgeon Dr. Christopher Motto who touts the procedure as a way for morbidly obese patients to jumpstart a healthier lifestyle.

I look to use surgery as a reset. Patients who come to me with a history of trying to lose weight on their own but what they are doing just isnt working, he said. But surgery also isnt some sort of magical pill, either. If you think you are coming in and losing the weight without putting the work in, you wont be successful.

He said weight-loss surgery can extend a morbidly obese patients life by 10 to 15 years.

Dr. David Parker, of Geisinger, agreed that the surgery can greatly improve the odds of a healthier lifestyle.

For those who tackle weight loss only by reducing calorie intake and increasing exercise a little, long term studies suggest that only 10% of those people will be able to lose a significant amount of weight which is defined by losing 10% of the excess body weight. Of those, much less are able to keep it off, he said. However, on average, Ive seen about 80% of people having long-term success in weight loss through surgery options.

The screening process for bariatric surgery is fairly extensive lasting usually about six months where potential patients are expected to meet regularly with dietitians, a psychologist, attend support group meetings with people who have been through the surgery and meet regularly with the surgical team.

They can be fairly intimidating even showing you the surgical tools they will be using and making sure you are fully aware of what your body will go through, said Snyder. I decided through all that, I was just going to do it, and I can be pretty stubborn when I set my mind to something.

Criswell put Snyder on a strict diet plan with goals to lose a certain amount of weight to prove you are serious about being committed to making this work, Snyder said.

Her focus on Criswells goals led to a 55-pound weight loss between June when she started with the bariatric team until Oct. 8 when she underwent surgery.

I had people see me losing weight before the surgery who questioned whether I needed to go through with it, Snyder said. I spoke with Dr. Motto about it, and he encouraged me to think about my life I had dieted before, lost weight before and gained it back every time.

Another deciding factor for Snyder to pursue the surgery it has evolved to a point of being a laproscopic procedure with minimal recovery time. After her sleeve gasteroectomy, Snyder remembers having some pain for the first 48 hours. She had the surgery on a Tuesday, and was discharged on a Thursday.

I went back to work on that Monday. It was earlier than what my doctors recommended, but I felt ready to go and didnt like sitting around, she said. Within two weeks of the procedure, I didnt feel like I had any surgery at all.

Noticeable results

Between her Oct. 8 surgery to now, Snyder has lost an additional 46 pounds a total of 101 pounds since June and has enjoyed the results.

I get complimented all day, every day. People tell me that I look amazing I look healthy, she said.

Snyder works as a hairstylist in a busy salon, and the weight loss has helped her keep pace with the clientele and feel more herself in that sort of environment.

In that type of work, you try to look stylish, but when youre big, many of the more stylish options are not available, she said. Like many people addressing an addiction, I needed something else to focus my attention besides food and for me since losing the weight, I really enjoy shopping and finding clothes that make me feel more myself.

Criswell has seen numerous people have similar results.

There are a lot of fad diets out there that are popular, but dont teach someone how to eat healthy or sustain weight loss for the rest of their lives. This is extremely discouraging to people they are willing to work hard at something if they believe it will actually work, she said. The results of weight-loss surgery are amazing. It makes me so happy to see people reverse their chronic health conditions and improve the quality of their lives.

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Obesity in the Valley: Young mom takes action after weight holds her back - TribDem.com


Dec 26

Can Caffeine, Coffee Prevent Holiday Weight Gain? Here Is What This Study Really Says – Forbes

Can drinking coffee prevent weight loss? Before you draw conclusions about this latest study, read ... [+] the study. (Photo: Getty Images)

Rats, rats, rats, rats. Thats what a study just published in the Journal of Functional Foods used. Not humans. Not people. Rats.

Therefore, this study does not prove that coffee can prevent Holiday weight gain in humans, even in humans who happen to be rats in a different sense. Yet, headlines have emerged saying that coffee or caffeine could somehow prevent or offset Holiday weight gain based on this study. Unless these headlines were aimed specifically at the laboratory rat population, making the jump to humans is quite a leap.

In fact, the study didnt even feed rats little cups of coffee and invite them to Holiday parties. Instead, a University of Illinois-based research team (Fatima J.Zapata, Miguel Rebollo-Hernanz, Jan E.Novakofski, Manabu T.Nakamura, ElviraGonzalez de Mejia) fed rats for four weeks a high-fat-high-sucrose diet and for some added synthetic caffeine, caffeine from coffee, caffeine from mate tea, mate tea, or decaffeinated mate tea extracts. Those rats who got the caffeine from mate had on average 16% less weight gain and 22% less body fat accumulation than those that had the decaffeinated mate tea extracts.

Surprised about the mate tea findings? (Photo: Getty Images)

The study also included a cell culture portion in which the scientists exposed fat cells from mice (yes, mice, not humans) to either synthetic caffeine or the coffee or mate caffeine extracts. Caffeine exposure resulted in a 20% to 41% decrease in the amount of lipids that these fat cells accumulated. It also seemed to reduce the expression of two genes, the fatty acid synthase gene (Fasn) and the lipoprotein lipase gene (Lpl), that produce enzymes involved in the production and handling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (thats the bad cholesterol) and triglycerides.

Well, gday mate tea, this all sounds good. It is useful scientific information that should pave the way for more studies. Sure, it is plausible that caffeine could help with weight loss. After all, it is a stimulant. It appears to affect different metabolic processes. For example, in a study that I covered previously for Forbes, caffeine seemed to stimulate brown fat cells to burn more fat in mouse stem cells, which by the way are not humans.

Many humans may be rats, but rats are different from humans. (Photo: Getty Images)

However, remember, this is all in mice, mice baby and rats. There are big, big differences between rodents and humans, and its not just size. Rats do have differences in physiology and behaviors such as sleeping, physical activity, and reality-TV show watching. Moreover, things that work in labs, dont necessarily work in the everyday world.

Plus, there is big difference between short-term weight loss and sustainable healthy weight loss. There are lots of things that you can do to lose weight over the short term if you are not worried about you health. For example, crack cocaine can help you lose weight. But there are some problems with such a plan. Be very skeptical about any diet plan that touts weight loss over several weeks or even months. Inquire about what happened over the long term and whether the weight loss was actually maintainable.

So, dont start pounding the coffee or mate tea just yet in hopes of burning off that fruit cake or egg nog that you just consumed. Moderation, a balanced diet, avoiding highly processed foods, and exercise are still the keys to weight management. Dont look for short cuts or magic potions. Yes, you can say, rats, life is not that easy.

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Can Caffeine, Coffee Prevent Holiday Weight Gain? Here Is What This Study Really Says - Forbes


Dec 26

Insta Keto 2020: Is This instant Keto Pills Safe? Read Reviews, Before Buying! – The Health Eaducation

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Insta Keto is a natural weight loss supplement designed for those who follow a ketogenic diet, drastically reducing carbohydrates.

The article is supposed to keep it in a condition where it is burning fat quickly, and that means it loses weight. This supplement also offers you a huge amount of energy, which may allow you to have more energy.

This article was created by Insta Keto, and will be a new firm founded in 2019. This organization creates organic supplements, created with completely natural ingredients. They create weight loss products that are intended for those who follow a ketogenic diet.

This supplement is intended for those who currently follow a ketogenic diet program. This generally means that they are eating an extremely low carb and high protein diet.

At this time, your liver begins to discharge ketones in your system. This activates the condition of ketosis, where your body begins to burn stored fat as fuel instead of glucose. Ketone bodies also speed up metabolism.

Insta Keto comprises additional ketones, which ensure that you remain in a state of ketosis even when it sometimes deviates from your diet plan. There are different contained ingredients that help increase metabolism, resulting in faster weight loss.

Studies have suggested that after the keto diet on a long-term basis it helps people eliminate weight quickly, and also reduces triglyceride levels, LDL cholesterol and blood sugar.

There are numerous active organic ingredients contained in this supplement, designed to promote weight loss and help you stay in a condition to burn fat. All these additional ketones from the body of someone who is currently in ketosis helps them stay in that condition, even if they sometimes get some carbohydrates.

Lemon Extract: It is a citrus fruit full of strong antioxidants. They induce fat particles to burn and prevent them in the body. A 2016 study found that short-term honey can reduce weight.

In addition, the thermogenesis condition begins to burn fat in the body, which contributes to rapid weight reduction.

What are the disadvantages of Insta Keto?

There is no record of contaminants supplied.You will develop flu-like symptoms once you enter ketosis.Here are large capsules that can be difficult to consume.

There are not many reviews of the article on the Internet, which is not a favorable sign.

This may be just another of the service provider scams in which the company starts charging your credit card every month after the trial period.

One positive thing is that several additional ingredients are not found in each keto product, such as lemon extract.

The ketogenic diet is not appropriate for everyone and they are ketogenic nutritional supplements. That is a topic that you should discuss with your health care provider before starting the diet in some way and until you start taking this supplement. You want to find medical approval.

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Insta Keto 2020: Is This instant Keto Pills Safe? Read Reviews, Before Buying! - The Health Eaducation



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