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One thing most food experts agree is that a varied and interesting diet is best. So it is unfortunate that some people have coeliac disease: it condemns them to a lifetime of avoiding the many delicious staple foods made with wheat flour. Thats because people with the disease thought to number 1 per cent of the population risk real harm if they ingest gluten, a key part of wheat and related grains.

In addition, the less well-understood condition of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity means that a further 4 to 6 per cent may suffer minor problems, although the science behind this is far from definitive. So its not surprising that surveys show that around 5 per cent of UK consumers avoid gluten because someone in their household has a reaction to it.

Slightly more puzzling are the 8 per cent who say they avoid gluten as part of a healthier lifestyle. This figure rises to 10 per cent among the highest socio-economic groups and to 12 per cent for graduates.

Despite the claims of a few sensationalist books, there is no evidence that avoiding gluten is in any way beneficial for the vast majority. But somehow a gluten-free diet has become a lifestyle accessory for many, especially the more educated and financially privileged.

Ditching gluten if you dont need to defies logic. It is a mix of proteins, nothing more, and for the vast majority is non-toxic. Given that its elastic, binding properties help give many of our most treasured foods such as bread and pasta their wonderful taste and texture, why avoid it if you dont have to?

Perhaps more people should note the growing evidence of possible downsides of avoidance. The latest shows there may an association between avoiding gluten and a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Thats the result of work at Harvard University tracking the diet and health of nearly 200,000 people in the US, presented to a meeting of the American Heart Association this week.

Thats on top of what we already know about the negatives of gluten-free diets: that they tend to be considerably more expensive, lower in fibre and deficient in micronutrients such as vitamin B12, folate, zinc, magnesium, selenium and calcium. So much for healthy choices.

Although often demonised as empty carbs, foods made using wheat can be highly nutritious. The rice, potato and tapioca starches used in many gluten-free replacements are often less so. And the high levels of fat and sugar that can be required to compensate for glutens near-magical structural properties means that anyone who considers gluten-free as a byword for healthier food is mistaken.

To make matters worse, the trend for self-diagnosis of gluten sensitivity is potentially harmful for people who are actually undiagnosed coeliacs. Without proper diagnosis, which is only possible before gluten is excluded from the diet, they are less likely to stick to the strict, lifelong regimen needed to manage their condition. They then risk gut damage, osteoporosis and some types of cancer.

Those advocating gluten-free for all as a path to better health are not just mistaken, they are putting people at risk of real harm.

This article was originally published on New Scientist: Click here to view the original. 2017 All Rights reserved. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency.

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That faddish gluten-free diet may be raising your diabetes risk - SBS

Obesity and pain are significant public health problems. This was an attempt to take a very detailed snapshot of how they might be related, Emery said. We were interested in the possibility of an inflammatory mechanism explaining the connection because we know theres a high degree of inflammation associated with obesity and with pain.

Emerys research team asked 98 men and women between the ages of 20 and 78 detailed questions about their diet and pain levels while visiting them in their homes. They also measured their body mass index, waist circumference and body fat percentage.

Participants who consumed more anti-inflammatory proteins had lower pain levels.

For people with obesity, its kind of like a cloud hanging over them because they experience high levels of pain and inflammation, Emery said.

Potential weaknesses of the study include the lack of blood samples that would allow the researchers to look at inflammatory markers. Participants were also only asked about their pain during the previous month, which does not account for chronic pain of a longer duration.

Emery said his next step is to examine body fat and pain using biomarkers associated with inflammation.

Im interested in how our work can contribute to effective treatments for overweight and obese individuals, he said.

A previous study at Ohio State found that anti-inflammatory diets can boost bone health, prevent fractures and lower the risk of osteoporosis in women.

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Mediterranean Diet May Reduce Pain Caused by Obesity - Pain News Network

Who you dine with or dont can have an effect on what and how you eat. Photograph: PhotoTalk/Getty Images

Youre feeling full but heres the waiter with the dessert menu. Youre about to say No thanks when your friend orders baked cheesecake. And soon youre saying: Ill have one too, thanks. Studies repeatedly show that what we eat is highly influenced by who we eat with. The most recent research, presented at last weeks American Heart Association meeting, found that the chance of a diet lapse was 60% when eating with others. The research followed 150 people trying to lose weight or keep weight off, for a year, using phones and an app to capture what and where they ate. Those in the study were asked to limit their calories. They were most successful in keeping to their diet when they ate alone. Work, with its temptations of cake for somebodys birthday, led to a 40% chance of a diet lapse. The car was the safest place, with only a 30% chance of overeating.

But its annoying that dining with family or friends could make us eat more. A study of 63 adults who kept seven-day dairies found that eating with people increased meal sizes by 44% and participants ate more fat than when they ate alone. The lead researcher, US physiologist John de Castro, suggested that eating alone would reduce caloric intake and improve diets. In another study he showed that meals eaten with spouses and family had more calories and were eaten faster, while those with friends were as large but lasted longer. This was true for all meals of the day, and if men were at the table, women tended to eat more than usual. So although eating with friends or family is one of the joys of life, if you want to watch your weight, should you eat on your own?

We seem to be compelled to model how we eat on those around us; not only on what they eat but on how big they are. A study in the journal Appetite showed that in the presence of an actor in a convincing fat suit, people in a restaurant ate 31.6% more pasta, whatever she ordered. If she ordered salad, they served themselves 43.5% less salad. Another study, in the New England Journal of Medicine, found that if a close friend became obese, his or her pal had a 171% increased risk of doing so. Somehow we arent good at self-regulating what we eat. We copy others. What we should do is concentrate on ourselves a bit more. If eating out, see the menu online before and plan your meal. Dont just opt for what she is having. Better still, do as dietician Aisling Pigott says: We forget to value and enjoy food. Dont restrict and binge. Listen to your bodys needs. So ignore what others are eating, especially if they are in a fat suit.

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Does eating alone help you diet? - The Guardian

Globalnews.ca

This is the No. 1 sabotage to your healthy eating diet plan, according to scientists Globalnews.ca You meal prep, eat healthy for lunch at work, and portion control your dinners you're incredibly disciplined when it comes to eating right to lose weight but that's all thrown out the window when you're with friends. New research is warning that the ... and more »

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This is the No. 1 sabotage to your healthy eating diet plan, according to scientists - Globalnews.ca

Reminder: This Thursday evening, March 16, Clevengers Corner Veterinary Care is holding another free Third Thursday seminar. This months topic is Improving Longevity and Reducing Geriatric Illness and will be presented by Dr. Hunter Dorman. The presentation begins at 7 p.m. and light refreshments will be served. All are welcome.

Q: Which food is best for my dog?

A: This is one of the most common questions I get every single day. It also tends to be a controversial topic among pet owners. People get a certain degree of psychological satisfaction out of providing what they believe to be the best quality care to their pets. Unfortunately, this makes them prone to slick marketing, rumor and innuendo regarding the best food.

In order to cut through the marketing, you need to have an understanding of animal physiology and nutrition, the specific health characteristics of your pet, and details about feeding options available to you. This means that any decision on what to feed should be made in consultation with your family veterinarian after a thorough physical examination, discussion of lifestyle and probably some general lab work.

Most people who ask this question are not simply asking about an adequate diet, meaning one that simply prevents deficiencies. Instead, they are looking for an optimum diet designed to enhance health and improve longevity.

It is extremely unfortunate how difficult it can be to get even basic nutrition information on pet foods. The bags are only required to have minimum and maximum levels of certain nutrients on an as fed basis. The levels on the bag may or may not correlate with what is actually in the food. In fact, the pet food manufacturer may not even know what is in it! It is more and more common to find calculated values for numbers as simple as calorie content. If a company cant even tell you for sure how many calories are in the food, how can they claim better nutrition?

I am seeing more and more people fall into fad diets simply due to marketing. Many of these diets look reputable and are touted as superior nutrition by well-meaning pet store employees. Words like wild, wilderness, grain-free, human-grade or organic catch the eye. Exotic ingredient lists with unusual meats and vegetables make the diets look well-formulated. Yet, these are the diets I often find only calculated values when researching even something as basic as the calories in the food.

Many of these niche foods are also not even made by the company on the bag. Often a contracted feed mill is actually manufacturing many different brands outside of the direct control of the food companies themselves. Thats why so many recalls have included many different niche brands at the same time.

The worst thing is that many of these foods are so calorie-dense that the pets are getting fat on them! People are paying a premium amount for what they believe to be a premium diet. Instead, they are buying a product with undocumented nutrient content being made by an unknown feed mill based on an ingredient list driven by marketing concerns over pet nutritionand their pets are dying sooner and are less healthy because they are obese.

My advice is to choose a diet that lists its manufacturer. Look for manufactured by not manufactured for. I also like to see an AAFCO statement that reads ANIMAL FEEDING TESTS substantiate this food is complete and balanced. That means someone has not only calculated the nutrient content of the diet, but has actually fed it to other animals before yours. Other than that, it is very difficult to find much useful information on bags of pet foods. Even ingredient lists and minimum/maximum nutrient values can be misleading.

If you want optimum nutrition for your pet, consult your veterinarian. If he doesnt have an interest or in depth knowledge of pet nutrition, find a vet who does. There are plenty of us out here. Then, please value the advice over that of a pet store employee, an unknown internet blogger, or the breeder down the street who has owned dogs for 150 years. There is just too much misinformation out there that sounds really good and really believable.

Dr. Watts is a companion animal general practitioner and owner of Clevengers Corner Veterinary Care. He can be reached at 540/428-1000.

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DR. WATTS: Which food should my dog eat? - The Daily Progress

"I think baskets are a waste," said Crystal Helde, the store's owner. "You use them and then do you ever use them again? No, you throw them away. So I just want to offer something really original that nobody else has or you don't find around here."

She plans to include other items, such as tooth brushes, in the bundles though she noted the irony.

Helde originally opened her shop in another part of Watford City before moving it onto the main street about two months later. She has been in her new location at 113 Main St. South since the beginning of February.

She plans to take special orders, even for specific themes, for Easter up until about 10 days prior.

"This year Valentine's Day was great for us, so I think that Easter will be a hit too," she said.

Helde makes a lot of her product in-house including: caramels, pretzel rods, s'mores, brittles, fudge, chocolate covered strawberries and peanut butter cups. She also has special molds to create candy guns, Legos and truffles. She sells taffy as well and this month will begin selling taffy from Medora, something she expects will be a big hit.

Kelly Haring, Helde's self-proclaimed chief candy tester, works in the shop on days Helde needs some extra help. Otherwise, Helde runs the business on her own seven days a week.

Haring noted that Helde is always trying new recipes and on the lookout for new ideas. She is receptive to customer's requests and suggestions as well.

"This is a very unique area with people from all over the country here working, so people come in from, say down south, and if they have a specific candy that they are familiar with from down there, she would like to hear about it," Haring said.

One customer came into the shop and told her about the ketogenic diet a low carb, high fat means of healthier eating. Helde did some research and now has three flavors of treats for such a diet: blueberry cheesecake, strawberry and lemon, she said. Haring noted that she also sells sugarless candy for those who cannot have sugar but still like their sweets. She's always looking for new things to try that customers may enjoy.

"She's like a kid herself, she gets pretty excited about new recipes and wants to try them," Haring said laughing.

Since the move, business has picked up, Helde said. The first few months of business she was nervous as her product failed to move off the shelves thousands of dollars of inventory. Now her candy is moving, partially because of some especially loyal customers.

"I have rig workers that come in and get their chocolate-covered bacon to take out on their hitch," she said. "They'll usually send me a message and say, 'Hey, my hitch starts in two days, can I stop by?' That's the great part of owning something like this."

Helde has five children and always enjoyed cooking and baking at home. She grew up in Powers Lake, N.D. before leaving the state. She returned in 2011 because of the oil boom and worked in safety in the oil fields for a number of years. Eventually, she decided to try something completely different and opened up her own shop.

"This isn't really a job, this is more something that I love to do," she said. "I've always loved to cook... you never have a bad day at work if you're doing something you love. Even though there's days I get frustrated and burn my fudge or whatever, you appreciate things more when it's yours."

This summer she hopes to see even more customers buzzing through the shop on their way to the northern part of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, right outside of Watford City. They will have summer treats including frozen chocolate dipped bananas, things that are less common outside of a fair or large city, she said.

Ultimately, she strives to produce the best homemade baking she can. While other products contain additives and preservatives, she works to create sweets like she had growing up.

"I could have bought a big fudge machine, but I said, 'No, this is the way I've made it for years, and this is the way I'm going to keep making it,'" she said.

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Sweets for all: Bakken Sweet Treats appeals to all diets, palettes - The Dickinson Press

Low Carb Diet Plan For FAST Weight Loss

If you are looking to lose weight faster than you normally would, then a low carb diet plan, especially combined with low to moderate intensity exercise is right for you. Many people choose to lead a low carb lifestyle due to other reasons, these include regulation of diabetes, to control your insulin blood sugar levels not only in diabetic people but also in acne sufferers as foods low in carbs have a low glycemic index which in turn helps to maintain the hormonal insulin levels. So not only does a diet that is low in carbohydrate help your waistline reduce, it can also help many other diseases and disorders too.

All diets plans have their own disadvantages. Some cons of a low carb diet plan are high protein diet would be headaches, low attention span, muscle cramps and loss of energy. Due to your metabolic rate, when you switch from a low carb diet to a diet high in carbs you may put on weight faster than you would a normal diet. This doesnt effect everyone in the same way. Each and every person has a different bodily makeup and dependent upon your makeup you may experience none to all of these.

This is a fairly rigid diet, but it is doable. It begins with days of little food. Your diet will consist of yogurt or soya milk, a total of 1.5-2 liters. In addition, you can drink one glass of any natural juice with pulp with a piece of bread or toast. Such period may be from 1 to 3 days.

Protein day Breakfast (8-9am) tea or coffee with honey sandwich consisting of rye bread with butter or cheese. Lunch (12-13pm) cup of broth (natural), 100 grams of meat or fish, boiled or roasted, 1 piece of black bread. Tea time (16-17 pm): milk or tea with honey. Dinner (19-20pm): 100 grams of meat or 2 eggs, 50 g of cheese and a glass of buttermilk, soya milk or yogurt. Vegetable Day Breakfast (8-9 am) 2 oranges, grapefruit or apple. Lunch (12-13 pm) or vinaigrette salad without potatoes with vegetable oil and a small piece of bread, tomato juice. Tea time (16-17 pm): 1 banana or dried fruit with cottage cheese. Dinner (19-20 pm): salad of carrot, beet, and cabbage, a slice of black bread, tea with honey. These days must be alternated. Duration of the diet up to 3 weeks. This diet is convenient because eating does not violate the usual routine for most of the day: it is possible to undertake at home in cafes and at work. Weight loss on this diet is quite sufficient. What is the next step in order to maintain your success? The answer seems to be a continuation of a low carb lifestyle. One who chooses to enter into a low carb diet plan needs to recognize they are doing so as to maintain a slender figure and not to slack on strenuous exercise regimes. So before entering into this lifestyle be sure you are doing so for the right reasons or be prepared to face the consequences of weight gain. Most dieters give up too easily, not due to hunger pangs, but due to lack of motivation for the monotony of foods. A low carb diet plan doesnt have to be samey! There are vast foods that can be eaten throughout this choice of life. And yet, the question of uniformity and product selection remains. There is a special system of low-carbohydrate food, and it is so popular in America that there operates a network of specialty stores and businesses that produce a variety of foods that are low in carbohydrates. In many cookbooks describe products that are recommended for such a diet, and provides recipes for dishes too. Some of them, indeed, have good taste and can become your signature dishes that have all the chances to please your family and your friends.

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low carb diet plan Diets That Work

Being inShape"has become a cultural obsession. With the introduction of media sites like Pinterest or Instagram, the idea of becoming the happiest, healthiest version of yourself is a growing fad.

This is good news! There are a lot of movements now for body positivity, and people wanting to emphasize the happy in happy and healthy. However, theres a sharp downfall when this concept is taken too seriously.

Lets talk health culturethings like diets and workouts, discounted waist-training systems on Instagram or Pinterests weight-loss smoothie tag and the like.

Theres nothing wrong with wanting to work out and achieve a body you feel comfortable in, but there is a problem with the way weight loss and health culture are presented in the media.

The underlying issues dont spring from the idea of exercise or a healthier diet, but from the way diet and exercise are talked about. Theres a crazy frequency of conversations, of dialogue, about getting healthy.

I cant get on Pinterest without being bombarded with belly-fat buster work out tips or six smoothies to drink for FAST ACTING weight loss and all kinds of other posts geared toward womens fitness.

Now, granted, some of these work out pins are related to my yoga pins. The smoothies, on the other hand, link back to a board I created when I had a broken jaw over the summer and needed ideas for bulky additions to a liquid diet to keep up my calorie count.

But now, I get daily suggestions for the Victorias Secret Angelsweight loss smoothie recipe, or links to articles detailing the wonders of kale. If I turn my attention to Instagram, I get a lot of advertisements for work- out gear, while Facebook is filled with my friends sharing posts about getting in shape.

What this creates is a little health-craze bubble. Well, okay, its a pretty big bubble.

With the sheer number of posts and articles and statuses about this kind of content, the idea that a carefully planned diet and exercise routine becomes the right way to live.

If youre not exercising or if youre not actively trying to lose weight, youre doing something wrong. At least, thats the impression obsessive health culture is starting to make. This isnt a new concept, though.

Advertisements for diets and weight loss systems for women are an archaic form of media, and while theres nothing wrong with trying a fad diet or looking out for your health and happiness, we just need to maintain a certain awareness of our relationships with our bodies, and how those relationships are affected and maintained in the journey to a healthier, happier you.

Excerpt from:
Health Craze Creates Unsafe Body Image - SFA The Pine Log Online

Runner's World

A Runner's Guide to Nutritional Sanity Runner's World The reason my lunchtime sojourns to the library workedif making me skinny but miserable can be called workingis that, like all diets ever invented, it restricted my calories. You eat fewer calories, especially while increasing your caloric ...

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A Runner's Guide to Nutritional Sanity - Runner's World

10 Mar 2017

Having either an ApoE4 allele or Type 2 diabetes raises the risk of Alzheimers disease. A new paper in the March 8 Scientific Reports now suggests these factors can work together to bring on cognitive decline. Researchers led by Jacob Raber at Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, fed transgenic mice carrying human ApoE alleles a high-fat diet that caused them to gain weight and develop insulin resistance, a sign of diabetes. While all the tubby mice had problems with learning and memory, animals that carried an ApoE4 allele fared worse. Moreover, using a combination of unbiased metabolomics and epigenetics, the authors identified three key pathways related to glucose metabolism that were perturbed only in the insulin-resistant E4s. Intriguingly, one month of a low-fat diet was enough to restore both metabolism and memory to normal in thesemice.

The results suggest that people who carry an ApoE4 allele might want to be particularly diligent about eating a healthy diet, Raber noted. Were all different, so an environmental challenge like a high-fat diet doesnt affect everybody the same way, he toldAlzforum.

Commenters said these data shed more light on how the ApoE4 allele contributes to AD. William Rebeck at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., found it particularly interesting that ApoE4 produced these effects in the absence of any amyloid pathology. This demonstrates that ApoE could increase your risk of AD by affecting how well your brain metabolizes glucose into important compounds, Rebecksuggested.

Energy Problems? Three pathways most affected in diabetic ApoE4 mice relate to energy metabolism. [Courtesy of Johnson et al., ScientificReports.]

Diabetes heightens the risk of AD, and various studies have linked insulin resistance to the pathogenesis of the disease (for review see de la Monte, 2012; AlzRisk). Some previous studies suggested that ApoE4 carriers with diabetes run a higher risk of cognitive impairment and dementia than noncarriers (see Research Timeline 2012; Dore et al., 2009). Imaging studies have found that by the time they are in their 20s, healthy ApoE4 carriers already show signs of brain hypometabolism in the same regions typically affected by AD (Reiman et al., 2004).

To explore the interaction of ApoE genotypes with diabetes, the authors used ApoE3 and ApoE4targeted replacement mice, which have human isoforms in place of the mouse gene. First author Lance Johnson fed nine-month-old animals chow that was 60 percent fat based on calories. This diet has been shown to induce insulin resistance and obesity in these animals, mimicking Type 2 diabetes. Control mice obtained only 10 percent of calories from fat. Both diets contained the same number of calories. People eating a typical Western diet get 35 to 45 percent of their calories fromfat.

After six months on the high-fat regimen, the E3s and E4s both gained weight, but curiously, the E4s ended up less plump than the E3s. Both mouse models had similarly poor memory compared to controls in tests of novel object recognition and cued fear learning. However, E4s had more trouble learning the location of a hidden platform in the Morris water maze than did E3s, indicating their spatial memory wasworse.

The authors analyzed hippocampal epigenetic and metabolomic changes in the mice, looking for pathways most altered in E4s eating the high-fat diet. They found thousands of methylated DNA regions that were unique to the overfed E4s, and were predicted to affect genes involved in numerous cellular processes. Among metabolites, 58 were altered by ApoE genotype and diet, falling into several pathways. In the combined epigenetic/metabolomic dataset, three pathways stood out: purine metabolism, glutamate metabolism, and the pentose phosphate pathway (see image above). All of these processes relate to energymetabolism.

The purine adenosine forms the basis of the energy source ATP. Purine metabolism has previously been reported to go awry in AD (see Sims et al., 1998; Ansoleaga et al., 2015). Purine biosynthesis also produces glutamate as a byproduct. This neurotransmitter links neuronal activity to glucose use, and is found in short supply in ApoE4 mice (see Dumanis et al., 2013). The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), an alternative to glycolysis, metabolizes sugars to generate five-carbon precursors for various synthesis reactions, including purines. The PPP also helps lower oxidative stress, and is impaired in AD brains (see Palmer et al., 1999; Orei et al., 2011). However, the mechanisms that connect ApoE4 to any of these processes remainunclear.

The authors wondered whether the harmful changes in memory and metabolism were reversible. They fed a separate group of nine-month-old ApoE4 mice a high-fat diet for five months, followed by a low-fat diet for one. Upon changing diets, the portly mice lost weight and could better metabolize sugar. In cognitive tests, the slimmed-down mice performed like normal controls. Epigenetic markers and metabolites also returned tonormal.

Commenters found this improvement encouraging. The data suggest that mindful lifestyle measures may protect ApoE4 carriers from late-onset mild cognitive impairment and AD, Suzanne de la Monte wrote toAlzforum.

In ongoing work, Raber is testing other ways to rescue performance, such as injecting glucose into overfed ApoE4 mice to specifically boost brain levels of the sugar. We see some protective effects, he told Alzforum. While giving sugar to diabetic mice might seem counterintuitive, Raber noted that the brains of these animals appear to have trouble taking up glucose, perhaps causing the observed hypometabolism. He will also investigate whether injecting glucose right before a memory trial has benefits. The question is, how fast do changes in metabolism occur? heasked.

Other researchers noted the need for more mechanistic work to determine how ApoE influences metabolism. They also suggested the results should be repeated in a different strain of ApoE knock-ins to make sure these findings are broadly applicable. The knock-ins used in this study are in a C57BL/6 mouse background, and this strain is known to be highly susceptible to diet-induced obesity, de la Monte noted.Madolyn BowmanRogers

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Do ApoE4 and Diabetes Conspire to Spur Cognitive Decline? - Alzforum

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