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Not all plant-based celebrities areas vocal about their cruelty-free diet as Joaquim Phoenix, or at least it's not the main topicinterviews tend to focus on,so many people on this list may actually come as a surprise. It's common knowledge in Hollywood that celebritieswill temporarily adopt a vegan diet to lose weight for glamour shots, a movie role, orto slim down for a vacation when paparazzi can catch them "off guard at the beach."

Some celebrities go on and off their vegan diets, and don't want to be "caught" eating fish or poultry or dairy, so they don't self- identify as vegan. At The Beet we applaud any attempt to embrace a plant-based or plant-forward lifestyle and this list is inclusive of anyone who has "ditched meat" or dairy, or is stealthily vegan, since they may be doing it for reasons of their own, whether it's health, the planet, or animals. Phoenix gripped the audience during the Oscars with his heartfelt speech of animal awareness, but whatever reason stars have for turning towardthe plant-based lifestyle, we want to be inspired by their healthier choices.

Sir James Paul McCartney is no stranger to a meat-free life as he's been vegetarian for 45 years. He initially went vegetarian in 1975 with his first wife Linda McCartney and began his advocacy for animal rights. You have probably heard of the movement #meatlessmondays and have seen the hashtag on your Instagram feed. Yes, it means that you avoid eating meat on Mondays but what you may not know is Paul McCartney and daughters, Stella and Mary McCartney launched the first "Meat-free Monday"campaign in 2009 that started the popular movement and hashtag. Stella McCartney, Paul's second daughter, is a well-known fashion designer to ethical vegetarian luxury clothing brand Stella McCartney.

Paul works closely with PETAtovoice opinions about animal rights. In November, helaunched a campaign with the nonprofit to encourage others to say no to turkey for Thanksgiving. The campaign shows Paul wearing a T-shirt with the saying " EAT NO" and an image of a turkey below the phrase. Just recently he used his voice to advocate for the abolishment of "wet markets" and we expect to hear more from him in the coming days on related topics.

We give Paul a round of applause on and off stage for his efforts to inspire others tolimit meat on Mondays and use ethical practices in your daily food consumption.

If you find yourself constantly singing along to the song The Greatest, then you're already a Sia fan. Sia tweeted that she is "fully vegan now" back in 2014 and stays true to her word.

She's actively involved in different vegan awareness campaigns and a documentary film. And, you probably didn't know that she recently shared a vegan pie with Scooby-Doo and Shaggy on the animated Scooby-Doo Where Are You!series. Sia cares deeply about animal welfare and teamed up with PETA to launch her own campaign to pledge the end of animal homelessness. She's also appeared in the documentary,Dominion, along withJoaquin Phoenixand Rooney Mara, which covers modern animal agriculture through hidden cameras.

Way back at the start of Grey's Anatomy,Sandra Oh took the cast out for a plant-based lunch at Truly Vegan in Hollywood. We want to ask her, was this the spark that got Ellen Pompeo to go vegan? In her effort to inspire contemporaries to eat vegan, the TV staris known to invite her friends for vegan meals that are delicious.She adopted the vegan lifestyle years ago and continues to quietly livea cruelty-free life. Understandably,she keeps it private and hasn't shared any new information about her vegan journey of late, but according to onesource, she feels it is a "lifestyle," not a dietary choice.

Giselle revealed that when she was at the peak of her modeling career, her diet consisted of "cigarettes, wine, and mocha Frappuccinos," according to an interview inPeopleMagazine. Now39 and the mother of two children, Gisele eats a "mostly" plant-based diet to nourish her body andstay fueled.

Her family, including her children Vivian and Benjamin, all eat this way because it's "healthy and good for the planet." Brady is known to keep a super-strict, mostly plant-based diet, which he credits for staying fit, strong and healthy enough to be about to enter his 21stseason in the NFL, starting his third decade as QB for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers this coming fall, after winning 6 Superbowl rings with the New England Patriots.

Gisele shared with People what she eats in a day, starting with a green juice,vegetable soup for lunch, hummus andcrudits for a snack, and leafygreens with quinoa for dinner. She also loves chamomile tea before bedtime. Talk about the perfect couple.

Alec Baldwinhas made a bigger commitmentto plant-based eating since he was first told by doctors that he was pre-diabetic and needed to change his diet. That was decades ago. But, over the last few years, he's been vocal about the benefits not only to his health but also the impact plant-based eating has on the environment. In a CNN articlewritten by Baldwin entitled "The path to a better planet goes across your plate" Baldwin explains how "Human activity is fundamentally altering the planet."

He writesthat "In wealthier countries, we also need to shift our diets away from rampant overconsumption,notably of meat, and toward a nutritious mix of plant-based foods that are less resource-intensive, require less land, and are better for our health."

Of course, Alec Baldwin met his wife, Hilaria Baldwin, at New York's Pure Food and Wine eatery, a popular raw vegan bote.

Miley adopteda gluten-free diet back in 2012for health reasons and two years later, committed to a vegan diet she still lives by today. In a tweet to PETA, she thanked the organization..." for giving me the honor of receiving the Best Voice 4 Animals award! Living a completely vegan lifestyle, whether it's what I eat or wear I am very certain that veganism is taking over and stoked to see so many brands jumpin' on this revolution!"

The animal-loving celeb wrote on Instagram, if you choose to eat meat you love pets, not animals."She recently adopted a dog from an animal shelter with new boyfriend Cody Simpson, clickhereto read see their cute newest puppy.

On another note, in case you're not up to date with the Miley and Liam break up, Liam Hemsworthjust announced he dropped his vegan diet after developing kidney stones. But, Miley continuestospeak up for the "voiceless" and uses her massive Instagram following of 107 million followers to advocate for the cruelty-free lifestyle.

We all remember Pamela Anderson as thecurvaceous blonde in the hit series Baywatch as she playedCasey Jean in the red one-piece swimsuit that brought her world-class fame.She is a life-long active animal rights advocate and teamed up with PETA to join the Animal Protection Organization. "I cant stay silent when animals are suffering or abused,"Anderson said. She became vegetarian at a young agegrowing up ina household of hunters in Western Canada, and could not fathom the idea of animal cruelty after seeing her father a hang up a deer head as a trophy.

Anderson doesn't wear real leather or faux fursince she doesn't like the concept of appearing to be wearing the real thing.Still, in order to promotemoving consumersaway from leather and fur,she sent her friends, Kim Kardashian and Melania Trump faux fur jackets so they would stop wearing real animal skins. Anderson wants to advise people that, Being vegan is an aphrodisiac diet. Its a win-win.Meat makes you impotent and unhealthy."

"We shouldn't eat as much meat guys," Kristen Stewart told GQ in an interview in January. The Twilight star has made a full 180 from vampire to vegan. When she appeared on the game show"Hot Ones" she chose to skip the wings and instead compete by eating increasing spicier sauce on vegan cauliflower wings Host Sean Evans allows his celebrity guests to choose whether they want to compete with real or faux meat and when someone like Paul Rudd opts for vegan wings it sends the vegan world into a paroxysm of speculation as to whether the star has gone vegan.

The question still lingers, When did Stewart go vegan? Was it before her vampire role in The Twilightseries, or in time for the Charlie's Angel remake she was promoting last January? There's no actualconfirmationfrom Stewart herself butBritish Voguehas quoted her as saying her new diet "makes her feel like a woman." Before, she had a more boyish body. When GQ asked Stewart what she ate her answer revealed her new vegan bent:

"Everything. Well I mean honestly, we shouldn't eat as much meat guys," she replied. "You know what I'm saying? But like I'm trying a lot, hard. I'm trying earnestly." We applaud that.

Remember the 2016 Joker played by Jared Leto?You probably painted your face and dyed your hair green for Halloween to look like him. Well, this award-winning actor eats a high-protein diet consisting of only plants.Leto, who has been plant-based for 20 years, says it keeps him "shredded" in an interview. Now, 48, Leto looks half his age.

From time to time, fans ask questions on his Instagram: How do you burn fat so fast? How do you build muscle easily?Leto told Billboardmagazinethe secrets to hisfit physique and low body fat is eating plant-based.Twenty solid years of eating vegetarian/vegan and taking care of myself, he answers. Leto also enjoys hiking, yoga, and lifting weights.

In his interview withBillboard, Leto ate vegan tacos while answering questions about his rapid weight gain to play the role of the villain in theSuicide Squad.He reported that he bulked up by eating a strict high-protein plant-based diet.

Jaden Smith switched up his diet from vegan to vegetarian, meaning that he doesn't eat meat but eats dairy from time to time. In arecent article by Plant Based News, Smith admits he skipped meals and was not getting the proper nutrition when he was veganbut this hasn'tstopped him from eating animals as he is vegetarian.

Aside from his own plant-based living, for his 21st birthday in July 2019, he donated free vegan meals tothe homeless. Similarly, Smith opened up his own food truck called I LOVE YOURestaurant, and served the homeless vegan food on Skid Row in downtown Los Angeles. We appreciate Smith's initiative to help those in need and servenutritious plant-based food to others who have a difficult time getting their hands on healthy food.

The Duchess of Sussexhas neveradmitted to being fully vegan, but sources say, she eats a plant-based diet during the week. She teaches husband Prince Harry vegan cooking and in a Plant-Based News article, Markle explains how she wants to raise their baby on a vegan diet. However, there is back and forth tensionwiththe Queen who says the royal baby will not be vegan. Maybe Queen Elizabeth will change her mindafter she celebrates her 94th birthdaywith the vegan pie PETA sent her!

Megan reported to Good House Keeping magazine that she takes her Vitamix blender everywhere she goes to make her delicious plant-based shakes. "When I had my car brought out [to Canada], I shipped myVitamixin the backseat... I cannot travel without my Vitamix."

Markle, known for her posh and propper style, wears clothes by Stella McCartney, a vegetarian and cruelty-free luxury brand. Markle even refuses to wear vegan furs and told Good Housekeeping Magazine,"My wardrobe for my part inSuitsisn't like Working Girl dressing for work doesn't have to be so on-the-nose these days...personally, I love cropped pants in vegan leather, a great fitted blazer and a button-down [shirt]."

Markle, a tennis fan, is close to Serena Williams,our next vegan celeb.

As a professional athlete, fueling the body isa key factor to Willaim's successes. In aBon Appetitearticle, she explained that she adopted aplant-based diet back in 2012, she was eating a lot "healthier" for her sister, Venus, who eats a strict vegan diet for health reasons. In the interview, Venus labeled Serena as "chegan", meaning she is vegan but occasionally eats chicken but Serenanotes "I don't eat red meat or pork." Serenamentioned we would find her fridge full of "coconut water, Gatorade (my favorite!), cucumbers, mint, kale, vegetables, ginger, and wheatgrass."

Back in March, Serena Williams introduced a new vegan clothing line to her fashion brand, "Serena," the vegan leather pants and leather blazer sold out within the weeks of the launch date. She wears her favoritegiraffe-print dress in the photo above.

The Williams sisters rally to support the vegan lifestyle and Serena's husband, Alexis Ohanian, is on board, click here to read why Ohanian madethis healthy lifestyle switch.

The popular grocery store, Whole Foods Market sells vegan products and nonvegan products which arises black lash from ethical vegans as CEO John Mackey follows a strict vegan diet. The successful businessman grew up in Houston Texas and told Business Insider that he would traditionally eatprocessed foods for dinner while watching TV with his family. Now, Mackey steers clear from the processed isle and eats a clean vegan diet and feels amazing at the age of 65. During his interview with Business Insider, the mentioned he eats only 3 vegan meals a day and rarely snacks, but when he does, it's only a couple of Medjool dates.

John Mackey is the author of the popular book, The Whole Foods Diet: The Lifesaving Plan for Health and Longevity,and swears that much of his success has come from eating vegan. Mackey, who's dedicated to living a plant-based lifestyle, takes his rice cooker on the road with him because he travels a lot for work. His favorite breakfast is steel-cut oats cooked in his rice cooker and he'll pop into the nearest Whole Foods for lunch,and makes a "big salad" and eats steamed veggies "with some kind of lentil" for dinner with his wife Deborah.

Jason Mraz, singer of the popular song, I'm Yours, committed to a vegan diet to support his friend diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Mraz says he eats mostly raw food and told magazinesources his favorite vegan dish is "Chocomole, a mixture of avocados, dates, cacao, agave nectar, and coconut oil."

In addition to his raw plant-based diet, Mraz told Vegetarian Times he doesn't put a lot of "stress on his diet," and he occasionally heats up a bowl of soup or roast vegetables and admits he is probably eating a 75% raw diet. And, just like Meghan Markel, Mraz loves his Vitamix and blends together a mixture of raw foods and powders before he takes a flight.

Long time vegan, Leona Lewis grew up in a vegan household and continues to eat a plant-based diet.Lewis first adopted the diet at 12 when she learned about the health risks of eating animal products but toldWomen's Health Magazine she occasionally eats an omelet. She also mentioned her 2:30 lunch is normally a kale salad topped with dried cranberries and she loves a veggie stir-fry for dinner. Recently, Leona Lewis married Dennis Jauch at Sting's Estate in Italy. The couple celebrated with delicious vegan Italian dishes by pastry chef Marco Falla who created a vegan version of Millefeuille, normally made with dairy.

Hannah Teter changed her diet after watching the documentary, Earthlingswhen she discovered how "horrible" factory farming is. After a strict vegetarian diet, Teter liked the way she performed as an athlete and believes that her diet helped her win gold at the 2006 games.

She now considers herself "plant-based" and in an interview with the Huffington Post, Teter mentioned," I feel stronger than Ive ever been, mentally, physically, and emotionally. My plant-based diet has opened up more doors to being an athlete. Its a whole other level that Im elevating to. I stopped eating animals about a year ago, and its a new life. I feel like a new person, a new athlete."

You may recognize Maggie Q as the star of the Nikita series, but in the plant-based world,she's well-knownfor her heroic activism. Maggie Q has followed a strict vegan diet for 19 years, making her a true veteran of the lifestyle. She made the plant-based diet transition because she felt sluggish and had low energy, she has said. The famous actress keeps in shape by eating veggies and plant-based protein and working out with a passion. The Beetcaught up with Maggie Qlast summer tohear about her latest project, her sustainable activewear line called Qeep Upthat gives back to charities that support ocean life. We adore Maggie Q, and everything she's done to help the environment and protect animals.Her most recent series,Designated Survivor,was picked up by Netflix so enjoy a binge-watching party.

Read More:Maggie Q On Her New Sustainable Activewear Line, Qeep Up| https://thebeet.com/we-talked-to-maggie-q-about-her-new-sustainable-activewear-line-qeep-up/?utm_source=tsmclip&utm_medium=referral

Winner of the first Masterchef vegan cook-off with Gordon Ramsay, MadelainePetsch was raised vegetarian and went completely vegan at age 14. She claims that she started this diet before it was "trendy" and shot a campaign for PETA last year wearing a dress made of bok choy. Petsch says her vegan diet allows her to feel "healthier" and not "lethargic."

She told PETA that her favorite restaurant is Veggie Grill, but it changes from time to time and her favorite snack is shaved beets popped in the oven, baked into crispy chips. The advice Petsch gives to plant-leaning or plant-curious in her PETA video is: "As long as you're aware, that's the first step."

After doing a little sleuthing on her social media platforms we think Millie Bobbi Brown qualifies as plant-based. Whether or not she is actually skipping all meat and dairy, one thing is for sure: She eats mostly salads, vegetables and grains and lives a predominantly plant-based lifestyle full of healthy foods. The famous actress recently launched a new vegan beauty line called Florence by Millis. The makeup products, which include skin tints and eye gel pads, are certified vegan by the animal rights organization PETA.

The grammy-nominated sisters went vegan for a week with their mom but liked it so much they decided to stick with it. For one thing, it helps keep their "voices in shape" by eating a vegan diet and they emphasize the fact that dairy helps to limit extra mucus build-up, according toa PETA interview. The proteges of Beyonce were discovered when their YouTube cover of her song "Pretty Hurts" reached the superstar herself, and she helped launch their careers. Now 19 and 17, the duo have 2.4 million followers on Instagram and havemoved from their hometown of Atlanta to LA to star in their own show, Grownish. They found that the vegan lifestyle was super easy in their hometown."Eggs and dairy never sat well with me so it was easy, Chloe toldComplex. When we moved to L.A., it really became easy. So many vegan restaurants and vegan aisles in the grocery store are like heaven for us!

Best known for her role asLizzie Mcguirein the long-running series, Hilary Duff is a recent vegan advocate and entrepreneur. She recently launched the vegan and cruelty-freeeyeshadow palette, "Day Dreamer" and changed her diet to plant-based last fall.

In addition to her ethical and cruelty-free practices, Duff partnered with Unilever and Walmart to create a campaign that educates consumers on recycling practices. Duff notes, "I care about the planet and the future of what it looks like for my kids...and generations to follow us.The time is now to be responsible and lower our carbon footprint."

Duff follows a "clean eating plan" which doesn't include meat or dairy because she wants to lower her carbon footprint. She told One Green Planetshe's lost 10 pounds since she's started eating this way last October.

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Sandra Oh and 20 More Stars You May Not Have Known Are Vegan - The Beet

We need to ensure that we eat at the right place,the right time, and not to eat out of boredom. We need to be disciplined in that, said Degan, in a COVID-19 Task Force online press conference in the National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) Building, Jakarta, on Wednesday, April 22, 2020.

The chefobserved that people overeating out of boredom during the Large Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) period is becoming an increasingly common problem. He, therefore,suggested for the people to adhere to a scheduled routine including thewake-uptime, activities, rest, andmealtimes, evenwhenstaying home.

More specifically, Degan suggested for the people to be cautious in their diet and avoid eating while doing another activity, such as watching television or working. He alsorecommended a balanced and nutritious diet, including the necessary carbohydrates, proteins, vegetables and fruits to meet the daily nutritional intake and maintain body immunity.

On top of that, Degan has called for the people to avoid drinks with sugar or soda, and instead opt for pure drinking water or infused water, for those looking to enjoy a refreshing beverage. "Make sure you drink enough in a day. For a small child, that would be around 1 to 1.5 liters, and adults 1.6 to 2 liters to stay hydrated," he added.

Lastly, Chef Degan reminded the importance of washing hands with soap and running water for 20 seconds before and after eating, also when cooking food.

ANTARA |Translator: DIO SUHENDA (Intern)

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Healthy Diet Tips When Staying Home to Avoid Overeating - Tempo.co English

YOGA, High-Intensity Training and dance classes are among the most popular ways to stay in shape virtually during lockdown.

A study of 2,000 adults found that as a result of having to ration their exercise outside of the home, one in three are participating in online fitness sessions an average of three times a week.

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Aerobics, pilates and interval training are also among the top virtual workouts, with the average adult spending 26 a month on online classes.

But while the typical Brit is spending five-and-a-half hours a week exercising, one in five admitted to working out for less than two hours.

The research, commissioned by lifestyle nutrition brand http://www.swisseme.com, also found that 37 per cent reach for something tasty after a workout and not always a healthy option.

One in three munch on chocolate or biscuits, while a quarter reach for crisps or a sausage roll.

Other post-workout staples include sugary, caffeine-packed energy drinks and calorific energy bars.

Working up a sweat and getting our fix of endorphins in front of our laptops or phones is now the new normal.

Nykkea Maretic from http://www.swisseme.com, said: "Working up a sweat and getting our fix of endorphins in front of our laptops or phones is now the new normal.

Its also a great way to try out a new exercise class without fearing being judged by others at the gym.

Getting a shot of exercise is key to our physical and psychological wellbeing.

Whether that's kick-starting your day, recharging your batteries or counteracting that afternoon slump.

Its interesting to see so many of us working out, but less than 45 per cent taking vitamins or supplements.

Some may see taking vitamins as a chore and I think it's our job to make healthy snacking a bit easier for busy lifestyles.

The study also found that despite indulging in a post-workout treat, 47 per cent of those polled say they keep an eye on their daily eating habits.

More than half (54 per cent) are focused on reducing how much sugar is in their diet, while one in three are trying to cut down on their saturated fat intake.

Almost six in 10 (59 per cent) are trying to eat more vegetables, while a quarter aim to have more omega 3 - typically found in fish - in their diets.

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A fifth are prioritising protein and one in 10 want to insert more amino acids into their eating habits.

It also emerged that when it comes to financial pounds, Brits spend an average of 41 a month on healthy food choices, while a lavish one in 10 fork out more than 90.

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Monday, 20 April 2020 Bonnie Waycott

The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) has been a key food in Japan since the Edo era (1603 to 1868) and is commonly consumed as a luxury and seasonal celebration. Kabayaki, or grilled eel with soy sauce and a sugar-based sauce, is a genuine classic with a special place in the Japanese culinary consciousness.

Most of the eel that Japanese consume come from fish farms, yet none are hatched from eggs. Instead, theyre harvested from rivers and coastal waters, often from other continents, as transparent fingerling size glass eels and reared until harvest.

In 2014, the Japanese eel was added to the International Union for Conservation of Natures Red List of Threatened Species. This status, and the dependency of fish farms on wild stocks, has a lot to do with the eels unique life cycle. Hatched far out at sea, glass eels migrate to freshwater where they mature 5 to 10 years later before travelling to the open ocean to spawn and die.

Scientists have been trying to replicate spawning conditions for eels in captivity for a long time. Beginning in the 1960s, studies were conducted to close the loop with breeding, hatching and nursing techniques used in aquaculture. Hormone treatments were used to obtain fertilized eggs and larvae (called leptocephali). Because leptocephali cannot be reared on feed such as rotifers, zooplankton or pellet diets, a paste-type diet made from powdered shark eggs supplemented with krill, soybean peptide, vitamins and minerals was developed and used successfully. Further refining of the diets and rearing procedures resulted in fewer problems such as larval deformities or low survival, and the production of full-size larvae that metamorphosed into glass eels.

In 2010 scientists at the National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency (known today as National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency) produced two generations of eels in captivity for the first time. This raised the possibility of an aquaculture industry that neither depends on nor harms wild stocks.

But the mass production of Japanese eel for aquaculture is still elusive.

Full-cycle aquaculture on a commercial scale has yet to be achieved, Hideki Tanaka, former group head at the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency and now a Kindai University professor, told the Advocate. Kindais research into the artificial production of fry has only just begun. Since 2019, weve been working towards full-cycle aquaculture but have only succeeded in egg collection, hatching and the early rearing stage of larvae. Broodstock maturation, egg collection, physical properties of larvae feed, feed ingredients, palatability and the rearing of large numbers of fry all remain difficult. There are still big hurdles to overcome.

According to Dr. Michael J. Miller of the Department of Aquatic Bioscience at the University of Tokyo, the challenges today appear to be related to how large numbers of larvae can be fed the paste-like diet, which is squeezed onto the bottom of the rearing tanks. When a light above is turned on, the larvae swim downwards and encounter their food. But many die without any intake, suggesting that not all larvae encounter the diet and/or have sufficient swimming ability to reach the bottom. The diet may also be difficult for some larvae to bite or swallow, probably due to poorer ingesting abilities. The paste must also be removed from each tank after every feeding time.

Keeping the leptocephali alive requires careful attention, but maybe thats not the problem now, said Miller. The effort to scale up production is the challenge. The state of the current effort in Japan is that its possible to spawn the eels, grow the leptocephali and produce glass eels. But the food and feeding of these unique leptocephali is the problem for mass production.

This challenge stems from the unique feeding biology of leptocephali in the ocean, said Miller. Unlike normal fish larvae that typically feed on zooplankton, leptocephali appear to feed on marine snow, tiny detrital particles that are difficult to reproduce for aquaculture. The paste-like diet is also not a natural food for the eels but the shark egg yolk makes it attractive and eels will eat it to survive, possibly due to a chemical compound that stimulates a feeding response.

Its also worth noting how strange leptocephali are, Miller added. Their organs are reduced in size, making them almost completely transparent with low respiration rates and a unique physiology and growth strategy. Little is known about their life history.

This unique biology is the only reason why the problem of rearing glass eels wasnt solved decades ago, said Miller. How to deliver the diet seems to be the remaining challenge for producing glass eels in large numbers. It will be interesting to see if the several teams of scientists working on this will succeed in the near future.

One possible solution is a liquid-type diet. Although its effectiveness for long-term rearing isnt clear, its volume is greater due to the addition of moisture and it forms a food pool on the bottom of tanks, enabling more larvae to encounter it. Larvae may also be able to enter freely and swim in the diet, swallowing it directly.

Several public and private research laboratories in Japan are working to overcome the challenges of producing Japanese eels cost-effectively. However, its hard to predict the impact of a shift from fished to farmed glass eels. It may address declining wild stocks but bigger issues could be at play. Freshwater growth habitat reductions or changes to these habitats may be resulting in fewer spawning eels, or changes in the ocean could be affecting larval survival.

Whether farmed glass eels can be produced on a commercial scale is also questionable, says Dr. Ryusuke Sudo, a researcher at Japans Fisheries Research and Education Agency.

We can produce thousands of glass eels each year but nowhere near commercial scale, he said. Having said that, I believe we will develop the technology for stable mass production.

Full cycle eel aquaculture is very important, he continued. If commercial scale production becomes possible, so too will protecting wild stocks and stabilizing the supply of seedlings. But well need to develop a new larval diet and improve rearing systems.

Small-scale production is possible, said Tanaka. But it wont be easy to achieve, especially in a way that costs less than the procurement of wild seed, he said. Its impossible to grasp the impact of farmed glass eels but full cycle aquaculture could be a sustainable form of Japanese eel production that doesnt depend on the wild. By reproducing successive generations, we expect good things like high growth rates and strong disease resistance. Thats something to look forward to.

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Reinventing the eel: Can the Anguilla loop be closed? Global Aquaculture Advocate - aquaculturealliance.org

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Can watching your blood sugar help fight COVID-19?

Sugar is not only something that sweetens our food. It is also something that is an essential part of the proteins that make up our bodies.

That led me to believe, as I wrote in the Journal of Medical Virology, that control of blood glucose by diet and exercise, as well as better control of blood sugar in diabetics, especially when ill with COVID-19, may possibly help control the severity of the disease and even its spread.

I have worked in the field of breast cancer for many years, and my colleagues and I have been trying to use a drug called hydroxychloroquine in clinical trials. The goal: reduce the number of breast cancer cells in the bone marrow and prevent their re-emergence many years later to cause recurrence whats called tumor dormancy.

You probably have heard a lot about the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine in recent months as it has been suggested as a treatment for COVID-19. No conclusive evidence to date proves that hydroxychloroquine is effective. But, it turns out, hydroxychloroquine might be able tolower blood sugar like metformin.

Colleagues of mine have shared that many of their COVID-19 patients not only had diabetes but some were undiagnosed diabetics as well.

Knowing the drugs potential to lower blood sugar, coupled with reports of high blood sugar in COVID-19 patients, led me to put both together to try to explain some things about COVID-19 and how blood sugar may interact with the virus.

The new coronavirus infects cells by attaching to the surface through a receptor called the angiotensin converting enzyme 2, or ACE2. Both the ACE2 and the virus need sugar molecules bound to their protein for this to work properly.

My idea, which I have described in a peer-reviewed article in the Journal of Medical Virology, is that COVID-19 infection and its severity is influenced by the concentration of sugar-coated virus and the concentration of sugar-coated ACE2 receptors in the lung tissues. The degree and control of the lungs immune response may also depend on how much sugar is attached to viruss spike protein approximately eight to 10 days after symptoms start, which may vary depending on your age and sex

Researchers already know that people with diabetes are more vulnerable to COVID-19. What is unusual is that when I talked to physicians around the country taking care of COVID-19 patients, they told me that a lot of their patients in the hospital not only had diabetes and prediabetes but others had high blood sugar, without being aware of it. There is a recent report from Wuhan, China, that finds that is true there as well. COVID-19 patients with Type 2 diabetes have poor glucose control.

People with SARS which is related to the new coronavirus seem to get high blood sugar temporarily when they get infected as well.

This makes sense because there are a lot of ACE2 receptors on the so-called islet cells of the pancreas. These are the cells that make insulin which is critical for controlling blood sugar. If the virus infects these cells, then they stop making insulin and you can get a temporary diabetes with COVID-19.

High blood sugar increases the number of sugar-coated ACE2 receptors in the lungs of diabetic mice. So not only are the number of receptors greater, but also there are more sugars attached to them. This makes it easier for the virus to infect cells. When there is more insulin, or through diet or exercise, there is less sugar, so there are fewer ACE2 receptors and less sugar on each one, and this may reduce the amount of virus getting into the cell.

That suggests that a high blood sugar test called hemoglobin A1c which can be used even in those without diabetes or prediabetes could be used as a marker for patients at risk for COVID-19 disease. In fact, 3.8% of the U.S. population has a high A1c.

Hydroxychloroquine may work by blocking processes in the cell that add sugars to proteins. This the opposite of what high blood sugar seems to do. This would theoretically impede the virus from interacting with its receptor and modulate the inflammatory response to the virus.

It is unclear whether hydroxychloroquine will work for everyone, or even in a small group of patients. While the medical community awaits clinical trials to tell us once and for all if hydroxychloroquine works in COVID-19, the interesting thing to me is that this debate may have brought us a possible hypothesis as to why high blood sugar may make the disease worse, and possibly what to do about it.

A lot of new drugs and theories are emerging about COVID-19 and the science is advancing rapidly. It is important to have theories explaining what you are seeing clinically and scientifically to see if they fit and then test them. If not, try a variation. It is the thinking and the testing that will allow us to beat COVID-19.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Blood sugar levels may influence vulnerability to coronavirus, and controlling them through conventional means might be protective - UPMC

The UK government is facing calls to launch a healthy eating campaign to educate the nation on how food can boost the immune system during lockdown.

Last week, a group of leading food policy experts including Tim Lang, professor of food policy at City University of London, wrote a letter to the environment secretary and Public Health Englands chief executive, citing evidence that a healthy diet could help fight off infections.

However, the letter states that this vital information is not being shared with the public.

Sharing the full story, not just the headlines

In addition to current government measures, clear and well-informed public guidance is required from the government on what is nutritionally necessary and sufficient to maintain UK food security and nutritional appropriateness, the letter reads.

Meanwhile, the World Health Organisation(WHO) is also urging people to maintain a healthy lifestyle while on lockdown, saying it could boost their chances of a fast recovery should they contract Covid-19.

In addition to exercising regularly, quitting smoking and drinking, maintaining a healthy diet plays acrucial role in determining how well people recover from coronavirus, theWHO has said.

But what exactly does a health diet comprise of, and how can one ensure they are eating as well as they are stuck inside their homes all the time?

Read on for tips from nutrition experts on how to maintain a healthy diet while inlockdown.

When trying to eat healthily, its crucial to plan ahead, says Bridget Benelam, senior nutrition scientist at theBritish Nutrition Foundation.

Its easy to run out of inspiration for what to prepare when youre having all your meals at home, she tells The Independent.

Try planning out a few meals so you know what you need and dont have to face the whats for dinner dilemma every night.

Planning meals in advance could also ensure you use up all of the ingredients you have before buying more, thus preventing waste.

A rose is delivered by drone to a woman on Mother's Day in Jounieh, Lebanon

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The film Le ragazze di Piazza di Spagna is projected on a building in Rome

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Cellist Karina Nunez performs for her neighbours at the balcony of her flat in Panama City

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DJ Nash Petrovic live streams a set from his roof in Brooklyn

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People applaud medical workers from their balconies in Modiin, Israel

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A Brooklyn resident relaxes in a hammock hung on their balcony

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Residents toast during a "safe distance" aperitif time between neighbours in Anderlecht, Belgium

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Musician Adam Moser plays for neighbours from his balcony in Budapest, Hungary

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A man and his son on their balcony in Brooklyn

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A man sits alone on a roof terrace in Rome

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A rose is delivered by drone to a woman on Mother's Day in Jounieh, Lebanon

AFP/Getty

Women dance on their balcony as a radio station plays music for a flash mob to raise spirits in Rome

Reuters

A skeleton stands on a balcony in Frankfurt, Germany

AP

The film Le ragazze di Piazza di Spagna is projected on a building in Rome

AP

A woman uses a basket tied to a rope to pull a delivery of groceries up to her balcony in Naples, Italy

EPA

DJ Francesco Cellini plays for his neighbours from the rooftop terrace of his flat block in Rome

Reuters

A woman gestures from her balcony in Barcelona

EPA

Cellist Karina Nunez performs for her neighbours at the balcony of her flat in Panama City

Reuters

DJ Nash Petrovic live streams a set from his roof in Brooklyn

Reuters

People applaud medical workers from their balconies in Modiin, Israel

Reuters

A Brooklyn resident relaxes in a hammock hung on their balcony

Reuters

Residents toast during a "safe distance" aperitif time between neighbours in Anderlecht, Belgium

Reuters

Musician Adam Moser plays for neighbours from his balcony in Budapest, Hungary

Reuters

A man and his son on their balcony in Brooklyn

Reuters

A man sits alone on a roof terrace in Rome

Reuters

Variety is key to a healthy diet, says registered dietitian Nichola Ludlam-Raine, who suggests avoiding omitting any food groups while on lockdown unless you have an allergy.

Threenutrients that you should definitely include (because they help to support your immune system) are vitamin A (found in sweet potato andspinach), vitamin C (found in berries, tomatoes & peppers) and zinc (found in meat, shellfish, dairy andbread), Ludlam-Raine adds.

Keeping healthy and nutritious snacks nearby will ensure you dont head straight to the biscuit tin at the slightesthunger pang.

Ludlam-Raine suggests preparing snacks around the protein and produce mantra, i.e. pairing a piece of protein with a piece of produce, which is almost always going to be a healthy combination.

Think cheese andapple, yoghurt andberries, nuts and dried fruit or even hummus and carrots, she adds.

Another way to reduce food waste is to make the most of your freezer.

Big one-pot dishes such as chilli, curries and stews will freeze particularly well, says Ludlam-Raine, and they are a quick and easy way to consume plenty of vegetables in one sitting. Fruits such as berries and bananas can also be easily frozen and used in smoothies for the mornings.

Dont forget about the humble potato too, she adds. You can freeze them and turn them into chips very easily.

Canned oily fish in particularis a really handy item to have in your cupboard while on lockdown, says Benelam. Not only is it cheap and has a long shelf life, but it is rich in omega-3, which studies say can improve mental wellbeing.

Oily fish is alsoone of the few rich sources of vitamin D in the diet, Benelam adds, something we all need to consider if were staying at home and may not be getting much sun exposure, which is our main source of vitamin D.

Vitamin D is also important for bone health and to support the immune system.

Another cupboard essential that will stand the test of time, nut butters are a usefulitemto have around because they are full of good fats and nutrients, says Benelam.

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Coronavirus: How to eat healthily while in lockdown - The Independent

In Canada, everyone is supposed to have the necessities of life such as housing, water, access to programs and services. But in reality, not all groups are treated equally.

On March 18, the federal government announced a $305 million package to help Indigenous communities prepare for and respond to the virus. On April 20, B.C. announced a plan for rural, remote and Indigenous communities that includes improved medical transportation options to larger centres and a virtual doctor program. But much more is needed across the country.

Although, these moves sound promising, there is an obvious gap regarding any investment and commitments especially for First Nations and remote Indigenous communities. Many Indigenous remote communities are without clean running water, safe affordable housing, education, health and a robust economy that support a quality of life. In some remote Indigenous communities, there is a lack of infrastructure, mobility and accessibility to medical care. Some communities are fly-in only.

Vulnerable populations are more at risk of getting infections in general and right now, COVID-19. This month, at least nine First Nations have confirmed cases of COVID-19.

The challenges are substantial. As a mental health first aid First Nations co-facilitator, I have witnessed first-hand many tragedies within remote First Nations communities like Eabametoong (Fort Hope), Eagle Lake and Lac Seul. Homes can be unsafe, overcrowding is a huge concern, there is no clean running water, young girls are vulnerable to trafficking and there is a lack of timely access to health-care.

Canadas Minster of Indigenous Services, Marc Miller said social determinants of health, such as unsafe drinking water, crowded housing, lack of health professionals, poor infrastructure and chronic diseases, play a role in making Indigenous communities more vulnerable to the coronavirus.

While many First Nation communities are located close to urban centres with access to medical, recreation and shopping centres, many others are in remote areas. And not all remote Indigenous communities confront crises in a similar way. Some remote communities are more self-sufficient than others, such as Fort Severn, Moose Cree and Chapleau Cree First Nations. Some rely on a traditional way of life: living off the land, hunting and gathering, accessing the land for medicinal purposes and incorporating ceremonies.

But often, living in an isolated community means a lack of recreational, educational and employment opportunities. Isolation has an impact on an individuals holistic mental health and wellness. The lack of social outlets combined with the impact of geographic isolation compounds the dangers of other factors such as psychological, emotional abuse and jealousy.

Upon the arrival of European settlers, Indigenous people were devastated by the waves of epidemics of smallpox, tuberculosis, scarlet fever, influenza and measles. Back than, many of our people didnt know what to do, we were helpless to the deadly diseases. Today, Indigenous people are more proactive, we have a voice and are prepared to advocate for the needs of Indigenous Peoples.

Working in extreme injustice can be traumatizing for helpers. As I study the moral principles of social justice in social work which places human dignity and human rights as its highest priorities and scan Canada as a nation, I dont see equality and inclusion. Rather, I struggle with the discontentment of injustices, racism, ongoing discrimination and exclusion.

There is a constant and deep, inner fight within my heart and soul as I try to make sense of the world, and our place in it as Indigenous Peoples. I struggle with finding a common ground, one in which Indigenous Peoples can move forward, be respected and get access to equal health care, education, nutrition and housing.

U.S. News and World Report ranks Canadas public health-care system as the most well-developed in the world. And yet, Indigenous communities are still not getting what they need. Community chiefs and leaders are seeking seats at the table. Arlen Dumas, Grand Chief of the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs clearly states, the days of designing systems that are imposed on First Nations without consultation and consent must end. Indigenous leaders are fighting for equal access for all Indigenous Peoples.

Is this what we call equality? Without appropriate and accessible medical supplies, health care professionals and mental health support, we cannot call this equality; we cannot claim Canada is providing equal treatment for everyone.

Immediate support services are needed to help offset stressors as a result of COVID-19 in remote communities. The theory of justice in social work calls for the equal distribution of resources among members of the community.

The needs and demands of the remote communities may vary; still, essential supplies should be provided to ease further trauma and anxiety. There are many things we take for granted in urban centres hand sanitizer, soap, masks, gloves and access to affordable food to create a basic nutritious diet that are either not readily available or are very expensive in remote communities.

I believe another way to provide immediate assistance is to halt price gouging. For example by pricing grapes at $3.00 instead of $11.79 or Tide Pods at $10.99 instead of $35.29 and this would provide some much-needed relief to the community.

Remote communities must have appropriate, professional supports in place. To continue to try to remedy a situation by trying to integrate isolated communities, send bottled water to address the water crisis or address ongoing trauma by sending mental health care workers is not ethically responsible. Remote communities need to have a strategy in place to address concerns relating to COVID-19.

Now is the time to invest and commit to those plans. Every act of kindness can go a long way to help during these times of crisis.

Originally posted here:
Canada's unequal health system may make remote Indigenous communities more vulnerable to the coronavirus - The Conversation - Canada

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Healthy diet, exercise can help those adhering to pandemic's stay-at-home orders

Public health sciences expert Graham Colditz, MD, DrPH, says those confining themselves to their homes can take steps to stay mentally and physically healthy, the most important of which involves being kind to oneself. Colditz and psychiatrist Jessica Gold, MD both of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis offer advice about how to lower stress levels and stay healthy during the pandemic.

A new episode of our podcast Show Me the Science has been posted. At present, we are highlighting research and patient care on the Washington University Medical Campus as our scientists and clinicians confront COVID-19.

The St. Louis region and most of the United States are under stay-at-home orders, meaning that aside from reporting to essential jobs that require attendance, and trips to the grocery store, drug store or other necessary errands, most people are spending more time at home than ever before.

This weeks podcast features experts in maintaining ones physical and mental health while isolated. Washington University public health sciences expert Graham Colditz, MD, DrPH, studies how small changes in behavior can have a big impact on health. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect all of our lives, he has been writing about the need to stay home and maintain social distancing, as well as the potential pitfalls of ignoring those measures.

This week, we also hear from Jessica Gold, MD, an assistant professor of psychiatry, who works with college students and young adults. She says stress caused by the pandemic, combined with emotional and social implications of stay-at-home orders, contribute to anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder for many. Gold offers strategies that might help some people avoid those complications.

The podcast, Show Me the Science, is produced by the Office of Medical Public Affairs at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

[music plays]

Jim Dryden (host): Hello, and welcome to Show Me the Science, a podcast about the research, teaching and patient care, as well as the student, staff and faculty, at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, the Show-Me state. My name is Jim Dryden, and Im your host this week. Weve been focusing these podcasts on the COVID-19 pandemic and Washington Universitys response. And this week, were talking with some experts who speak to the problems that are faced by those of us who are pretty much confined to our homes these days. Things like anxiety, depression, even substance use or overeating. Graham Colditz is an epidemiologist and public health expert at Washington University.

Graham Colditz, MD, DrPH:We can still exercise outside and keep distance, but the work-from-home model of sitting down for 12 or 18 hours a day is sort of the exact opposite of the healthy lifestyle that we clearly aim for.

Dryden:He says that as necessary as distancing is, its also stressful. And he has some ideas about things that might help us lower those stress levels to keep us as healthy as possible while we try to wait out the pandemic. Well also speak to Jessi Gold, a psychiatrist who works with a number of college students and young adults.

Jessica Gold, MD: There are higher rates of people using crisis text line and calling crisis hotlines right now. And its not for suicide, but its for this, like, anxiety, worry, concern thing.

Dryden: She has some ideas about maintaining mental health during these shelter-at-home days. But first, Colditz says one of the biggest stressors many of us face is that when were fortunate enough to work from home, many of us actually put in longer hours.

Colditz: And your work day is expanded because some of your colleagues are sharing childcare with their partners. So one works in the morning; one works in the afternoon. And then, they clean up e-mail at night when kids are asleep, and you get the e-mail when theyre cleaning up. Yeah, to me its made the work day as long as youve got a colleague whos awake, you can be getting an e-mail that you wouldnt have been getting. One of the things Ive done for some time is try to leave my cellphone at home alone on its own on Saturday because if my wife and I are out, and the kids want to contact us, theyll call their mom anyway, right? Theyre not going to call me first. And so Im not tempted to look at e-mail messages and things. Making that effort to disconnect is key.

Dryden: Some people, including some who currently live in my house, have spent a long time trying to stay healthy by going to the gym, swimming at the Y, taking yoga classes, that sort of thing. All of which are kind of bad ideas now. What are some better ideas?

Colditz: The keeping distance, obviously, is key for protection of our overall population and crushing the curve. The goal of staying active still has to be respected, maintained, but we have to adjust how we can do that. We can still exercise outside and keep distance, but the work from home model of sitting down for 12 or 18 hours a day is sort of the exact opposite of the healthy lifestyle that we clearly aim for. And so finding ways to build the standing, moving around, whether you put a timer on to go off every 30 minutes, move around, stand up, put activity back into their life, replacing the trip to the gym.

Dryden: Your research often focuses on how some seemingly smaller things can, over time, have big effects on health. And I wonder what sort of effects you think this quarantine might have? If we dont get sick, thats a good effect. But what about some of the negative effects? And other than standing, how might we mitigate some of those?

Colditz: Sure. So the other challenge that we have is call it the social isolation. People are using the term social distancing, but we really want physical distancing and social engagement, cut off from the media for our mental health. It really pays off to disconnect from all of that flood of news from time to time. And then the other issue really comes back often to diet, the other part of the balance. So if were sitting at home and doing all of this, do we start munching more? Were sitting beside the refrigerator or around the corner from the refrigerator, and suddenly access to food and snacks that we dont have at work is there at home. And can we still structure this so were starting the day and stopping the day? Ive got co-workers who put a timer on to run, to exercise at 4:00 PM so they actually can stop the day to transition. Otherwise, the workday, the work night, the weekend are just seven continuous days. So life builds some pattern back to actually give us some better mental structure for surviving this really dramatic change in the way we live that happened literally overnight.

Dryden: Is it a problem if somebody has not gotten into a pattern yet?

Colditz: If you look across 100 of your peers either in the city or across the country, not everyone has got to a new work set of habits and environment. So my read is this is going to be a continually changing environment. So again, can you think, instead of talking to someone on the phone, you can go outside and go for a walk and talk on the phone so you get exercise and the call done? In the first week you might never have thought about that. Change up some of these strategies so were getting the work done, staying healthy and working to ultimately get past this pandemic.

Dryden: Not to share too much, but in my family, our daughter is home from Chicago waiting this out. And my wife is in the house all the time; Im in the house all the time. We like each other, but its an awful lot of time to spend together.

Colditz: The cabin fever in the way you describe with too many close family members in close quarters just for more than we can bear. Again, is that an opportunity to break the habit? Maybe you used to walk with your dog and your partner. And now, all of a sudden, youd rather take a walk on your own. Absolutely, finding ways to build boundaries and structures that are going to be quite different from the five days at work and two days at home when youre at home 21 days in a row.

Dryden: And one of the first things that you said was, Be kind to yourself. Is that the foundation of all of this?

Colditz: In fact, we think it really is. Were all thrown into this with, Ill say, almost zero preparation, no training program to do this. And so you can see news anchors in their living rooms. Everyones adjusting. Relaxing a little on our expectations is really an essential first step to opening the potential adjustment and modification to how were living, how were working.

[music plays]

Dryden: Graham Colditz says its important to remember that were all going through this together, and none of us have done anything quite like this before. That can cause us stress and anxiety according to our next guest.

Gold: Im Dr. Jessi Gold.

Dryden: Lets start from the idea that were basically all a little more anxious now, and you include yourself in that. Can you give me an example?

Gold: Anxiety comes from the unknown, and absolutely everything is unknown. And we dont have answers to anything. And I cant answer any question that anyone asks me like, When is this going to end? or When can we leave our houses, and when will my family be able to talk to my family in person? or like, When will people stop being killed by this virus? All these questions, I dont have answers to any of them. So when did I know that I was affected? I think I have a lot of friends and family that are on both coasts, so I think I started to realize I was affected when I noticed they were affected. Worrying and concern for what they are experiencing, what they might experience, the kind of stuff that they might be seeing and just kind of not sleeping as well and needing to voraciously stay up and read and look at social media in a way that felt unhealthy to me. Even though I like social media, and Im often up and reading social media, I did feel like I had probably entered a hyper overdrive state of needing to do it. And that was about when I was like, Oh. Yes, this is affecting me too.

Dryden: I assume that translates into a lot of secondary emotions, that anxiousness, like anger, sadness. Underlying chemical changes like higher levels of stress hormones. What can we do?

Gold: Try to figure out what you know works for you. So sometimes people have already thought about that because they went to therapy before, or theyve thought through it before, and they just havent thought about it in a while. So stopping and thinking about what were their coping skills in the past and even writing them down. So writing down what those things are that help us so we can go to them when were feeling really anxious or angry or sad. Like some people like mindfulness. So that really just means, kind of, getting out of your head and out of the emotions and getting more into the moment of like, What am I feeling right now? What am I seeing right now? Exercise works. So if youre a person who likes to exercise, you can definitely do that. You have to keep distance from people, but you can still go outside right now. There are a lot of exercise things that are using virtual you can go do classes online, or people are giving free yoga classes online and things like that which are pretty cool. Some people journal. Those are just a couple of skills that work for people.

Dryden: Wondering whether you think that come June or July, well have a lot more clinically depressed, anxious, obsessive-compulsive, post-traumatically stressed people who were sort of triggered by this pandemic.

Gold: I mean, I think so. We dont have a lot of evidence to go off of from past pandemics. So what we know is not super applicable. But what we see would suggest that there should be some sort of aftermath. There are higher rates of people using crisis text line and calling crisis hotlines right now. And its not for suicide, but its for this, like, anxiety, worry, concern thing. But I think we dont have that kind of evidence to build off of. We can just make assumptions that we will have higher rates of all of it.

Dryden: You work with college students. Are there special problems associated with them heading home during this pandemic?

Gold: Their roles do shift when they go home, and kids do really like going to college to get away, and going home and being home for a long period of time does make for a really different situation. And I think people forget about that when they think about how easy it is. Like, Oh, we just sent them home, and theyre home, and thats all. But it is really different for people.

Dryden: How much do people miss the interactions that they used to have several times a day in the office?

Gold: Yeah. I mean, we definitely take that for granted. Walking down the hallway and saying, Hi to a co-worker, that was just something you did because thats what you had. But I think people who are like, I am an introvert still do so much socializing that they dont even realize. You see people in class even if you dont talk to them. You see the mail man. You see people when you go check out at the grocery store. And I think we take all of that for granted, and maybe we wont anymore. It would be a nice aftermath of this if we then go to restaurants, and people are putting their phones down in conversations. We have so many day-to-day social interactions that we dont even realize we have.

Dryden: What do you see as the biggest risks for us, the biggest mental health risks from this entire experience?

Gold: Self isolation. Isolation is a risk. Loneliness is a risk. Coping skills. So falling back on poor coping skills like substance use, eating disorders would be something that would be at high risk of being something that people would turn to because its a way to control something: I cant control the outside world, but I can control what goes into me. Alcohol. Im sure youve heard people being like, Im just home. I just want a glass of wine after work now. And a lot of people are drinking a lot more.

Dryden: Im assuming youre seeing your patients by Zoom or FaceTime or something now. Are you seeing an uptick in problems in the patients that you are seeing now?

Gold: Its mixed, actually. So for a while, it was like people were in this phase, I need to do food and safety. Which is like, How do I figure out my food? How do I get safe? And how do I not die of this disease? And from my college kids, it was also like, How do I figure out online classes and getting my stuff back from school and living at home with my parents? So these immediate things. And now, were getting to the phase where some of that is getting handled or has been handled. And now, people are starting to settle more into like, Oh, now Im maybe anxious or sad. Or Oh, whats that feeling? And so theres more of that coming out. There are also some people that are actually doing amazing with being in isolation. People who actually have pretty bad social anxiety and maybe would have done better with online classes, but never would have chosen it. So people who Ive been a little bit surprised have done quite well. So I do have a group of people like that.

[music plays]

Dryden: Both Gold and Colditz say making small changes during these next several weeks can have a big impact on our physical and mental health. Both say trying to make a schedule is very important, as is making sure to move around regularly even if its just getting up from the computer to take a quick walk. Show Me the Science is a production of the Office of Medical Public Affairs at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The goal of this project is to keep you informed and maybe teach you some things that will give you hope. Thanks for tuning in. Im Jim Dryden. Stay safe.

Washington University School of Medicines 1,500 faculty physicians also are the medical staff of Barnes-Jewish and St. Louis Childrens hospitals. The School of Medicine is a leader in medical research, teaching and patient care, ranking among the top 10 medical schools in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. Through its affiliations with Barnes-Jewish and St. Louis Childrens hospitals, the School of Medicine is linked to BJC HealthCare.

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Podcast: Preserving mental, physical health while isolating at home - Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis

Quinoa

A healthy alternative to: Rice

Quinoa is a fantastic alternative to white rice. Like rice, quinoa is gluten-free and cooked in a similar way, however, it has double the protein! Its also rich in fibre, magnesium, B vitamins, iron, potassium, calcium and various beneficial antioxidants, which are believed to help fight ageing and many diseases.

A healthy alternative to: Rice

Have you heard of cauliflower rice? Light and fluffy in texture, if youre looking to bump up your veggie-intake, cauliflower rice is loaded with fibre, vitamins and minerals. Its also a great healthy rice substitute! All you need to do is grate the cauliflower florets until the texture resembles rice and cook on medium heat for five minutes. Its that easy!

A healthy alternative to: Pasta

Youve probably heard of the spiralized trend that transforms your favourite veggies into healthy pasta. And our favourite veggie to work with is zucchini. Not only is zucchini simple to use, but its also packed with beneficial nutrients including fibre, magnesium and vitamin C.And all you need is a spiralizer to turn raw zucchini into curly pasta noodles. Zucchini pasta works great in a salad or served with hot pasta sauce over the top.

A healthy alternative to: Cheese

Nutritional yeast can be agood alternative tocheese. Not to mention, its an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, and protein. A lot of people love nutritional yeast for its strong resemblance to parmesan cheese. Some ways to use nutritional yeast include sprinkling it over homemade pasta or pizza, adding it to sauces and dips, or stirring it through creamy soups like chicken and mushroom soup.

A healthy alternative to: Eggs

No eggs? No problem! It turns out that mashed or pureed fruits can substitute for eggs in baking. Mashed banana and apple puree is most commonly used, but pumpkin puree and mashed avocado work well too. This substitution is best used in cakes, muffins, brownies and bread, with 1/4 cup or 65g of any pureed or mashed fruit replacing a single egg in most recipes.

A healthy alternative to: Milk

Oat milk made from oats and water blended together is a good alternative to regular cows milk. And the best part is you dont even have to head to the shops to get your hands on some. All you need is a blender, some oats, and water!

A healthy alternative to: Butter

Olive oil is a healthy substitute for butter. The good fats found in olive oil are monounsaturated oleic acid (omega-9 fatty acid). Oleic acid has several health benefits including lowering blood pressure and cholesterol and reducing the risk of cancer.

As a rule of thumb, substitute three-quarters of the butter in a recipe with olive oil. For example, if the recipe calls for 1 cup of butter, you can replace it with 3/4 cups of olive oil.

A healthy alternative to: Flour

Whole wheat flour is a great alternative to white flour. It has a higher protein content than regular white flour, as well as more fibre, nutrients and flavour. Whole wheat flour is great for making loaves of bread, pastries and everything in between, but be prepared for your baked goods to be a bit denser and heavier.

Important information: The information provided on this website is of a general nature and information purposes only. It does not take into account your personal health requirements or existing medical conditions. It is not personalised health advice and must not be relied upon as such. Before making any decisions about your health or changes to medication, diet and exercise routines you should determine whether the information is appropriate in terms of your particular circumstances and seek advice from a medical professional.

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Cant find pasta? Healthy alternatives for your everyday pantry staples - Starts at 60

Highlights

There are so many kinds of diets you read about nowadays, while some could sound utterly bizarre, some may actually make your life a whole lot easier. Think diet, and you are bound to imagine all kinds of restrictions. But, you would be glad to know that there are some diets, which can accommodate your tastes and preferences and not be so overwhelming for you. For instance, if you happen to be drawing towards plant-based foods, but think you cannot stop eating meat overnight- you could try the flexitarian diet. Yes, you heard us.

The flexitarian diet is a style of eating that encourages mostly plant-based foods but also allows small portions of meat. If you are trying to transition into meat-free foods, you can try this diet and test the waters, and then slowly adapt to the plant-based diet, if you feel like.

(Also Read:Weight Loss: Add These Protein-Rich Snacks To Your Plant-Based Diet)

While there has been a surge in mock-meats and meat alternatives, there are plenty of people who are not up for the idea of going cold turkey, and would still prefer to eat real meat. Flexitarian diet allows you to eat meat in moderation. Being a flexitarian is more of a lifestyle change than following a traditional diet with clear-cut rules and calorie recommendations. So, make sure you do not use it as an excuse to eat whatever you want and that too without portion control. Eating processed meat has been proven to be harmful for heart health in the longer run; it has also been linked to obesity. Therefore, if you are eating real meat, make sure you are wise about your choices. Try sticking to lean meat.

(Also Read:Healthy Diet: How Much Protein Is Enough? Celeb Nutritionist Rashi Chowdhary Reveals All About Protein)

A 2017 study also found that people who were on a semi-vegetarian diet had lower body-weight as well as lower risk of type 2 diabetes as compared to those who were regular meat-eaters.

(This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.)

About Sushmita SenguptaSharing a strong penchant for food, Sushmita loves all things good, cheesy and greasy. Her other favourite pastime activities other than discussing food includes, reading, watching movies and binge-watching TV shows.

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Watch: Wanting To Go Vegetarian But Cannot Give Up On Meat? This Diet Is Meant For You! - NDTV Food

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