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Jul 16

Lymphedema: Risk factors, causes, and who it affects – Medical News Today

People who have had surgery to remove part of the lymphatic system are at risk of developing lymphedema, a buildup of fluid in soft bodily tissues. Other risk factors for lymphedema include inflammatory disorders, venous conditions, obesity, and immobility.

The lymphatic system is responsible for maintaining fluid levels in the bodily tissues and removing fluids that leak from blood vessels. It is also a critical part of the immune system. If lymph vessels become damaged or blocked, lymphedema can develop.

Lymphedema is the accumulation of protein-rich fluids in the tissues. It causes swelling, heaviness, tight or thickened skin, and repeated skin infections. It progresses over time, so prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential.

This article looks at lymphedema in more detail, including the risk factors and treatment options.

The risk factors for lymphedema vary depending on whether the condition is primary or secondary.

Primary lymphedema is genetic. It happens when there are faults in the genes responsible for the development of the lymphatic system, meaning that it cannot drain fluid as it should. The main risk factor for primary lymphedema is having close family members with the condition.

Secondary lymphedema is the result of another condition that affects the lymphatic system. The risk factors include:

Certain people are more likely than others to get lymphedema. These individuals include those with:

Additionally, people who have had cancer surgery that involves lymph node removal or received radiation therapy as part of cancer treatment are more likely to get lymphedema.

Although lymphedema can be a problem after surgery or radiation therapy for nearly any type of cancer, it is most common in:

One of the jobs of the lymphatic system is to transport fluid that contains waste material, or lymph, away from tissues and organs. Lymph consists of various substances, such as:

However, the lymphatic system is complex. It consists of many small vessels that branch out from the larger vessels and lymph nodes. The cause of lymphedema is abnormalities in these vessels.

If any part of the lymphatic system becomes blocked or damaged, lymph can build up in the tissues, causing swelling.

People with primary lymphedema may have the condition from birth, or it can appear later. Primary lymphedema is rare and affects just 1 in 100,000 individuals. Secondary lymphedema is more common, affecting about 1 in 1,000 people in the United States.

Lymphedema progresses over time, so early diagnosis and treatment are critical. Whenever possible, doctors should refer the person with lymphedema to a specialist.

The treatment for lymphedema may involve:

Doctors may also suggest surgical options, including:

People with mobility impairments may also benefit from speaking with occupational therapists or physical therapists who specialize in lymphedema for advice and support.

No, there is no cure for lymphedema. However, with early diagnosis and treatment, doctors can manage the condition and reduce its physical and emotional impact.

Lymphedema therapy and surgery can help lessen the symptoms. Following surgery, people often see a reduction in the circumference or volume of their limbs over several months. They may also see improvements in symptoms such as tightness and heaviness.

Lymphedema is a condition that causes swelling in the soft tissues. The main risk factor for primary lymphedema is a family history of the condition, as it is genetic. Secondary lymphedema has many risk factors, including some cancer treatments, injury, inflammatory diseases, and infections.

The condition occurs when there is a problem with the lymphatic vessels, which drain lymph from tissues. This leads to a buildup of fluid.

Treatment may include manual lymphatic drainage, which is a type of massage that moves lymph through the body. DLT, medications, exercise, and compression garments may also be part of a persons treatment plan.

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Lymphedema: Risk factors, causes, and who it affects - Medical News Today

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